- decision psychology
- methods and metrics
- costing methods
- evidence synthesis
- test performance
- value of information
- dynamic transmission
- microsimulation
- approaches and applications
- decision analysis
- risk analysis
- benefit-cost analysis
- cost-effectiveness analysis
- technology assessment
- operations research
- health/medicine
Resources Repository
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ReviewPublication 2012Modeling Preventative Strategies Against HPV-Related Disease in Developed Countries
This review article is part of a special supplement on “Comprehensive Control of HPV Infections …
This review article is part of a special supplement on “Comprehensive Control of HPV Infections and Related Diseases.” At the time of its writing, prophylactic vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) in pre-adolescent females had been introduced in most developed countries, supported by modeled evaluations that had almost universally found vaccination of pre-adolescent females to be cost-effective. Vaccination of pre-adolescent males had been shown to be cost-effective at a cost per vaccinated individual of ~US$400-500 if…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Mathematical Models | Chronic Disease/Risk | Social Determinants | Health Systems | Global -
ReviewPublication 2011Dynamic Microsimulation Models for Health Outcomes: A Review
This review article presents an overview of microsimulation modeling, focusing on the development and application …
This review article presents an overview of microsimulation modeling, focusing on the development and application of these models for health policy questions. Microsimulation models for health outcomes simulate individual event histories associated with key components of a disease process; these simulated life histories can be aggregated to estimate population-level effects of treatment on disease outcomes and the comparative effectiveness of treatments. The authors argue that methodological improvements in modeling approaches have been slowed by the…
Microsimulation | Health/Medicine | Health Outcomes | Calibration/Validation -
ReviewPublication 2006Ethical Issues in Resource Allocation, Research, and New Product Development
Ethical dilemmas arising in setting priorities among interventions and among individuals in need of care …
Ethical dilemmas arising in setting priorities among interventions and among individuals in need of care are most acute when needs are great and resources few. This chapter from the Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries 2nd edition addresses some of these concerns, identifying some of the principal ethical issues that arise in the development and allocation of effective interventions for developing countries and discussing some alternative resolutions. Resource allocation in health and elsewhere should satisfy two main…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Preferences/Values | Priority Setting/Ethics | Culture/Society | Government/Law | Science/Technology -
ReviewPublication 2003Public Health Policy and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
This chapter presents an overview of the uses for cost-effectiveness analysis and disease-simulation modeling to …
This chapter presents an overview of the uses for cost-effectiveness analysis and disease-simulation modeling to rigorously evaluate alternatives to reduce mortality from cervical cancer. Scientific advances have provided opportunities over time to revisit strategies for cervical cancer prevention. How to invest health resources wisely, such that public health benefits are maximized-and opportunity costs are minimized-is a critical question in the setting of enhanced cytologic screening methods, human papillomavirus DNA testing, and vaccine development. Developing sound…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Mathematical Models | Infectious Diseases | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Global -
ReviewPublication 1982Decision Analysis: An Overview
This article, written for the non-decision analyst, describes what decision analysis is, what it can …
This article, written for the non-decision analyst, describes what decision analysis is, what it can and cannot do, why one should care to do this, and how one does it. Keeney describes decision analysis as "a formalization of common sense for decision problems which are too complex for informal use of common sense." He provides a more technical definition also, describing decision analysis as "a philosophy, articulated by a set of logical axioms, and a methodology…
Decision Analysis | Health/Medicine | Decision Theory | Preferences/Values | Policy/Regulation | Business/Industry | Economics/Finance | Energy/Engineering | Government/Law | Military/Defense | Science/Technology -
ReviewPublication 1978Basic Principles of ROC Analysis
The limitations of diagnostic "accuracy" as a measure of decision performance require introduction of the …
The limitations of diagnostic "accuracy" as a measure of decision performance require introduction of the concepts of the "sensitivity" and "specificity" yet even these do not provide a unique description of diagnostic performance because they depend on the arbitrary selection of a decision threshold. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is shown to be a simple yet complete empirical description of this decision threshold effect, indicating all possible combinations of the relative frequencies of the…
Test Performance | Health/Medicine | Clinical Care