Resources Repository
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ArticlePublication 2021COVID-19, Fake News, and Vaccines: Should Regulation Be Implemented?
This article analyzes issues concerning the establishment of compulsory vaccination against COVID-19, as well as …
This article analyzes issues concerning the establishment of compulsory vaccination against COVID-19, as well as the role of misinformation as a disincentive – especially when published by health professionals – and citizen acceptance of measures in this regard. Data from different surveys revealed a high degree of hesitation rather than outright opposition to vaccines. The most frequent complaint related to the COVID-19 vaccination was the fear of side effects. Within the Spanish and European legislative…
Government/Law | Education/Labor | Decision Psychology | Preferences/Values | Infectious Diseases | Social Determinants | Policy/Regulation | Culture/Society | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology | Global -
ArticlePublication 2020New Fronts in the War on Misinformation
The countless false claims that have spread alongside the novel coronavirus – inaccurate advice about …
The countless false claims that have spread alongside the novel coronavirus – inaccurate advice about how to prevent the virus, for example, and conspiracy theories about its origins – are just the latest manifestation of an ongoing problem: the online proliferation of misinformation about science and health. The National Academies hosted and helped organize three events focused on countering misinformation: The MisinfoCon conference, a Wikipedia Edit-a-thon, and a meeting to explore ways to expand successful…
Government/Law | Education/Labor | Decision Psychology | Preferences/Values | Infectious Diseases | Social Determinants | Policy/Regulation | Culture/Society | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology | North America -
DataInteractive 2017Monitoring Health for the SDGs: Data Visualization Dashboard
This web portal from the World Health Organization (WHO) accompanies the 2017 report, World Health …
This web portal from the World Health Organization (WHO) accompanies the 2017 report, World Health Statistics: Monitoring Health for the SDGs. Powered by data in the WHO’s Global Health Observatory (GHO), the portal presents visualizations on 22 health and health-related targets of the Sustainable Development Goals from all member countries, covering a number of topics including poverty, health and well-being, malnutrition, sanitation, clean energy, sustainable urban development, and more.Published every year since 2005, World Health…
Government/Law | Education/Labor | Health Outcomes | Child/Nutrition | Chronic Disease/Risk | Social Determinants | Environmental Health | Global Governance | Climate/Environment | Health/Medicine | Global -
ArticlePublication 2016Departures from Cost-Effectiveness Recommendations: Health System Constraints
Cost-effectiveness analysis assumes a single constraint, in the form of the budget constraint, whereas in reality …
Cost-effectiveness analysis assumes a single constraint, in the form of the budget constraint, whereas in reality decision makers may be faced with numerous other constraints. The objective of this article is to develop a typology of constraints that may act as barriers to implementation of cost-effectiveness recommendations. Six categories of constraints are considered: the design of the health system; costs of implementing change; system interactions between interventions; uncertainty in estimates of costs and benefits; weak governance;…
Government/Law | Education/Labor | Priority Setting/Ethics | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Middle East & North Africa | Latin America & Caribbean | Asia & Pacific -
Tutorial/PrimerPublication, Teaching Resource 2023Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning
The cognitive theory of multimedia learning (CTML) draws together various theories of learning and cognition …
The cognitive theory of multimedia learning (CTML) draws together various theories of learning and cognition and applies them to the process of learning through multimedia instruction. At its core, the theory asserts that people learn more effectively from words and graphics than from words alone. While numerous investigators have contributed to this work, we have found Mayer’s (2009) empirically derived principles of multimedia design to be the most relevant and useful for instructional designers and…
Education/Labor | Culture/Society | Science/Technology | High School | College | Graduate | Doctoral | Professional | Graphics/Visualization | Instructional Design | Pedagogy -
Tutorial/PrimerPublication, Teaching Resource 2023Cognitive Load Theory: Learning & Instructional Design
How do we process new information and construct knowledge in our brains? What does “working …
How do we process new information and construct knowledge in our brains? What does “working memory” have to do with learning? What is cognitive load theory and how does it inform the design of learning experiences and educational materials? Cognitive load theory (CLT) is a theory of learning that is based on what we know about how learners process new information in working memory and construct knowledge in long-term memory. In this basic primer, we…
Education/Labor | Culture/Society | Science/Technology | High School | College | Graduate | Doctoral | Professional | Graphics/Visualization | Instructional Design | Pedagogy -
Brief/PerspectivePublication, Teaching Resource 2021Using a Visual Tool to Map the Learning Ecosystem
A well-designed course should include a series of learning experiences – leveraging different modalities - …
A well-designed course should include a series of learning experiences – leveraging different modalities - that allow the learning process to extend across time, provide students opportunities to engage in a variety of diverse activities, and scaffolding to achieve learning objectives. Engaging in deliberative process to map the “course ecosystem” promotes thinking about how to create and curate “learning experiences” rather than the traditional “developing a lecture, selecting a reading list, and assigning homework.” The CHDS…
Education/Labor | Culture/Society | Health/Medicine | High School | College | Graduate | Doctoral | Professional | Instructional Design | Pedagogy -
Brief/PerspectivePublication, Teaching Resource 2022Long Enough to Reach the Ground: Video Length in Multimedia
Among the most common questions instructional designers and media producers are asked are, “How important …
Among the most common questions instructional designers and media producers are asked are, “How important is video length, relative to other attributes, in my course design” and “How long should the video be to maximize learning-efficacy?” While there has been some research that provides insights into video length, there are limitations in existing studies that make generalizable recommendations challenging. This short brief looks at two studies to illustrate these challenges and concludes that the current…
Education/Labor | Culture/Society | High School | College | Graduate | Doctoral | Professional | Graphics/Visualization | Instructional Design | Pedagogy -
ArticlePublication 2023Benefits and Costs of COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates
Written mid-pandemic, this article evaluates the direct costs and health benefits of requiring COVID-19 vaccinations …
Written mid-pandemic, this article evaluates the direct costs and health benefits of requiring COVID-19 vaccinations for U.S. federal employees and healthcare and private sector workers. These mandates were controversial and some were halted by litigation. If they had been implemented as intended, the net benefits would depend on the course of the pandemic. If a more transmissible variant (such as Omicron) emerges, the net benefits may be large. If the pandemic instead fades, the benefits…
Government/Law | Mathematical Models | State-Transition | Benefit-Cost Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Policy/Regulation | Business/Industry | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | North America