Resources Repository
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ArticlePublication 2018Poverty Reduction & Equity Benefits of Measles, Rotavirus and Pneumococcal Vaccines in LMICs
This study uses the extended cost effectiveness analysis (ECEA) to evaluate the impact of immunization …
This study uses the extended cost effectiveness analysis (ECEA) to evaluate the impact of immunization against measles, severe pneumococcal disease and severe rotavirus for birth cohorts vaccinated over 2016–2030 for three scenarios in 41 Gavi-eligible countries: no immunization, current immunization coverage forecasts and the current immunization coverage enhanced with funding support. Following the distribution of the cases by socioeconomic group, the study found that the number of catastrophic health costs (CHC) cases attributable to measles,…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Priority Setting/Ethics | Mathematical Models | Infectious Diseases | Child/Nutrition | Global -
ArticlePublication 2019Impact of a Tax on Sweetened Beverages in the Philippines: an ECEA
This study used extended cost-effectiveness analyses to estimate the effect of the sweetened beverages tax …
This study used extended cost-effectiveness analyses to estimate the effect of the sweetened beverages tax in the Philippines on the numbers of premature deaths averted attributed to type 2 diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease and stroke, across income quintiles over the period 2018-2037. The study also estimated the financial benefits of the tax from reductions in out-of-pocket payments, direct medical costs averted, and government health-care cost savings. The analysis showed that the tax could avert…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Priority Setting/Ethics | Mathematical Models | Child/Nutrition | Chronic Disease/Risk | Social Determinants | Policy/Regulation | Asia & Pacific -
ArticlePublication 2019Cost-Effectiveness of Clinic, Home, or Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurement for Hypertension Diagnosis
This study compared three methods of blood pressure (BP) measurement for diagnosing hypertension in primary …
This study compared three methods of blood pressure (BP) measurement for diagnosing hypertension in primary care settings, accounting for the possibility of false-positive (white-coat hypertension) and false-negative (masked hypertension) clinic measurements. Outcomes included quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and lifetime costs associated with clinic BP measurement, home BP monitoring, and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) under two scenarios: positive and negative initial screening. Data were from published literature, public data sources, and expert input. In the…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Mathematical Models | Chronic Disease/Risk | Clinical Care | North America -
ArticlePublication 2019Systematic Review of Economic Evaluations of Vaccination Strategies Against Tuberculosis
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine for tuberculosis, but its effectiveness is limited …
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine for tuberculosis, but its effectiveness is limited and varies by age, so a valid cost-effectiveness study is needed to assist decision-makers in the implementation of cost-effective strategies for BCG vaccination. Using the Quality of Health Economic Studies (QHES) instrument, the authors assessed the quality of published studies involving economic evaluations of BCG vaccination strategies in a variety of regions, target populations, and vaccine types. Most of the…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Evidence Synthesis | Mathematical Models | Infectious Diseases | Global -
ArticlePublication 2019Decision-Making for Universal Access to Tuberculosis Diagnosis In India
The authors evaluated the costs of centralized and decentralized testing for tuberculosis with Xpert MTB/RIF …
The authors evaluated the costs of centralized and decentralized testing for tuberculosis with Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert), a WHO-endorsed test. They used an agent-based simulation of TB transmission in a hypothetical representative region in India to assess the impact and cost-effectiveness of various strategies to provide universal access to diagnosis and drug susceptibility testing (DST) for tuberculosis. The authors found that decentralization was most favorable compared to centralized testing when volume at decentralized facilities was high,…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Microsimulation | Infectious Diseases | Asia & Pacific -
ArticlePublication 2019POC Diagnosis of TB With Truenat Assay: CEA for India's Public Sector
Using a microsimulation model, the authors compared four TB diagnostic strategies for HIV-negative adults with …
Using a microsimulation model, the authors compared four TB diagnostic strategies for HIV-negative adults with presumptive TB in order to evaluate the potential cost-effectiveness of strategies that incorporate Truenat, a molecular assay that rapidly detects TB and rifampicin-resistance. They projected life expectancy, costs, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), and 5-year budget impact of deploying Truenat POC in India's public sector. Used at the point-of-care in India, Truenat for TB diagnosis should improve linkage-to-care, increase life expectancy,…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Microsimulation | Infectious Diseases | Asia & Pacific -
ArticlePublication 2018Should We Treat Acute Hepatitis C? A Decision and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
This study examines the potential benefits of treating acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection compared …
This study examines the potential benefits of treating acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection compared to deferring treatment until the chronic phase, utilizing a microsimulation model. By projecting long-term outcomes such as quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and costs, the analysis evaluates the cost-effectiveness of initiating therapy during the acute phase. Results indicate that treating acute HCV increases QALYs by 0.02 and costs by $483 per patient not at risk of transmitting HCV, yielding an incremental…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Microsimulation | Decision Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Chronic Disease/Risk | North America -
ArticlePublication 2018Equity Impact Vaccines May Have on Averting Deaths and Medical Impoverishment
In this analysis, authors estimated the number of deaths averted and the number of cases …
In this analysis, authors estimated the number of deaths averted and the number of cases of medical impoverishment averted of ten antigens and their corresponding vaccines across income quintiles for forty-one low- and middle-income countries. The study found that vaccines administered between 2016 and 2030 would prevent 36 million deaths. Vaccines will have the greatest impact on reducing cases of poverty caused by hepatitis B, helping an estimated 14 million people avoid medical impoverishment. An…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Mathematical Models | Infectious Diseases | Child/Nutrition | Global Governance | Economics/Finance | Science/Technology | Sub-Saharan Africa | Middle East & North Africa | Asia & Pacific -
ArticlePublication 2017Cost-Effectiveness of Screening for Hypertension and Counseling for Prevention
This article aimed to compare the health and economic impact of 3 services recommended by …
This article aimed to compare the health and economic impact of 3 services recommended by the US Preventive Services Task Force for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD): (1) aspirin counseling for the primary prevention of CVD and colorectal cancer, (2) screening and treatment for lipid disorders (usually high cholesterol), and (3) screening and treatment for hypertension. A microsimulation model was used to compare lifetime outcomes from the societal perspective for a US-representative birth…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Microsimulation | Chronic Disease/Risk | Policy/Regulation | Clinical Care | North America