Resources Repository
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ReviewPublication 2013Public Health Economics: Review of Guidance for Economic Evaluation
This is a systematic review of published guidance for the economic evaluation of public health …
This is a systematic review of published guidance for the economic evaluation of public health interventions. Public Health Economics is the science and art of supporting decision making as to how society can use its available resources to advance health, and minimize opportunity cost. In this review, the authors identified 5 international guidance documents, 7 UK guidance documents and 4 documents by individual commentators. The papers reviewed identify the main methodological challenges that face analysts…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology | Europe -
ReviewPublication 2006Ethical Issues in Resource Allocation, Research, and New Product Development
Ethical dilemmas arising in setting priorities among interventions and among individuals in need of care …
Ethical dilemmas arising in setting priorities among interventions and among individuals in need of care are most acute when needs are great and resources few. This chapter from the Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries 2nd edition addresses some of these concerns, identifying some of the principal ethical issues that arise in the development and allocation of effective interventions for developing countries and discussing some alternative resolutions. Resource allocation in health and elsewhere should satisfy two main…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Preferences/Values | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Culture/Society | Government/Law | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology -
BookPublication 2003WHO Guide to Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
This 2003 guide provides a method of assessing the cost-effectiveness of health interventions for an …
This 2003 guide provides a method of assessing the cost-effectiveness of health interventions for an international audience. The authors aim to inform the policy maker and to maximize the generalizability of results across settings. Part I begins with a description of cost-effectiveness analysis. It then considers issues relating to study design, estimating costs, assessing health effects, discounting, uncertainty and sensitivity analysis, and reporting results. Part II provides examples to illustrate the principles in Part I. Detailed discussions…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Evidence Synthesis | Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health Systems | Health/Medicine | Global -
ArticlePublication 2000Discipline of Cost-Benefit Analysis
Cost-benefit analysis is a general discipline, based on the use of some foundational principles, which …
Cost-benefit analysis is a general discipline, based on the use of some foundational principles, which are not altogether controversial, but have nevertheless considered plausibility. Divisiveness increases as various additional requirements are imposed. There is a trade-off here between easier usability (through locked-up formulae) and more general acceptability (through allowing parametric variations). The paper, by Amartya Sen, examines and scrutinizes the merits and demerits of these additional requirements. The particular variant of cost-benefit approach that is…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Preferences/Values | Benefit-Cost Analysis | Culture/Society | Economics/Finance | Government/Law -
ReviewPublication 2023Adaptive Health Technology Assessment: A Scoping Review of Methods
This study explores adaptive health technology assessment (aHTA) as an expedited alternative to full HTA, …
This study explores adaptive health technology assessment (aHTA) as an expedited alternative to full HTA, aiming to support universal health coverage by leveraging HTA evidence from other settings. The scoping review identified and mapped existing aHTA methods, examining their triggers, strengths, and weaknesses. Methods included searching HTA agencies' and networks' websites, and published literature, with findings narratively synthesized. The review found aHTA methods in 20 countries and one HTA network across the Americas, Europe, Africa,…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Technology Assessment | Health/Medicine | Global -
ArticlePublication 2023Catalogues of EQ-5D-3L Health-Related Quality of Life Scores for 199 Chronic Conditions and Health Risks for Use in the UK & the U.S.
This study aimed to create UK and US EQ-5D-3L-based health-related quality of life (HRQoL) utility …
This study aimed to create UK and US EQ-5D-3L-based health-related quality of life (HRQoL) utility population catalogues for 199 chronic conditions using ICD-10 codes and health risks. It also sought to develop regression models to predict these utilities in other populations. Methods involved applying UK and US EQ-5D-3L value sets to responses from a Danish dataset, which combined national health survey data with national registers containing patient information on diagnoses, healthcare activities, and socio-demographics. Adjusted…
Preferences/Values | Health Outcomes | Health/Medicine | North America | Europe -
ArticlePublication 2023Context-Specific Estimation of Future Unrelated Medical Costs and Their Impact on CEAs
This study developed and applied methods to estimate unrelated future medical costs (UFMC) for women …
This study developed and applied methods to estimate unrelated future medical costs (UFMC) for women with breast cancer in Israel and evaluated the impact of including UFMC in cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs). Methods included a retrospective cohort study using 14 years of patient-level claims data from breast cancer patients and matched controls. UFMC were estimated through (a) the annual average all-cause healthcare costs of control subjects, and (b) predicted values from a generalized linear model (GLM)…
Costing Methods | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Middle East & North Africa -
ArticlePublication 2023Alternative Measure of Health for Value Assessment: Equal Value Life-Year
This study examines the equal value life-year (evLY) as an alternative or complementary measure to …
This study examines the equal value life-year (evLY) as an alternative or complementary measure to the quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) in cost-effectiveness analyses. The QALY is criticized for undervaluing treatments that extend the life of individuals with chronic disabilities. The evLY addresses this by assigning equal value to life-years, regardless of health status. Methods included presenting the conceptual rationale for the evLY, explaining its estimation, and comparing results from evLY-based analyses to QALY-based analyses. The study…
Preferences/Values | Health Outcomes | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine -
ReviewPublication 2023Economic & Humanistic Burden of Osteoarthritis: Systematic Review of Large Sample Studies
This study systematically reviewed and updated the economic and humanistic burden of osteoarthritis (OA) reported …
This study systematically reviewed and updated the economic and humanistic burden of osteoarthritis (OA) reported by large sample studies since 2016. Medline (via Ovid) and Embase were searched using an updated strategy based on a previous review. Studies with a sample size ≥1000 that measured direct or indirect costs or health-related quality of life (HRQL) of OA were included. Pairs of reviewers independently screened studies, and an arbitrator resolved discrepancies. The Kappa value for agreement…
Preferences/Values | Evidence Synthesis | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health/Medicine | Global