Resources Repository
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ArticlePublication 2013Estimated Mortality Impact of Vaccinations 2011–2020 in 73 GAVI Alliance Countries
From August to December 2011, a multidisciplinary group with expertise in mathematical modeling was constituted …
From August to December 2011, a multidisciplinary group with expertise in mathematical modeling was constituted by the GAVI Alliance and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation to estimate the impact of vaccination in 73 countries supported by the GAVI Alliance. The number of deaths averted in persons projected to be vaccinated during 2011–2020 was estimated for ten antigens: hepatitis B, yellow fever, Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib), Streptococcus pneumoniae, rotavirus, Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A, Japanese…
Microsimulation | Asia & Pacific | Global Governance | Infectious Diseases | Health Outcomes | Mathematical Models | State-Transition | Dynamic Transmission | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology | Sub-Saharan Africa | Middle East & North Africa | Latin America & Caribbean -
ArticlePublication 2010Alternative Strategies to Reduce Maternal Mortality in India: A Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
This article, published in PLoS Medicine, conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of strategies to improve pregnancy …
This article, published in PLoS Medicine, conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis of strategies to improve pregnancy and childbirth safety in India. Country- and region-specific data were synthesized using a computer-based model that simulates the natural history of pregnancy and pregnancy-associated complications in individual women, and considers delivery location, attendant, and facility level. Model validation compared projected maternal indicators with empiric data. Strategies consisted of improving coverage of effective interventions that could be provided individually or packaged…
Microsimulation | Asia & Pacific | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Evidence Synthesis | Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Global -
ArticlePublication 2019Decision-Making for Universal Access to Tuberculosis Diagnosis In India
The authors evaluated the costs of centralized and decentralized testing for tuberculosis with Xpert MTB/RIF …
The authors evaluated the costs of centralized and decentralized testing for tuberculosis with Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert), a WHO-endorsed test. They used an agent-based simulation of TB transmission in a hypothetical representative region in India to assess the impact and cost-effectiveness of various strategies to provide universal access to diagnosis and drug susceptibility testing (DST) for tuberculosis. The authors found that decentralization was most favorable compared to centralized testing when volume at decentralized facilities was high,…
Microsimulation | Asia & Pacific | Infectious Diseases | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine -
ArticlePublication 2019POC Diagnosis of TB With Truenat Assay: CEA for India's Public Sector
Using a microsimulation model, the authors compared four TB diagnostic strategies for HIV-negative adults with …
Using a microsimulation model, the authors compared four TB diagnostic strategies for HIV-negative adults with presumptive TB in order to evaluate the potential cost-effectiveness of strategies that incorporate Truenat, a molecular assay that rapidly detects TB and rifampicin-resistance. They projected life expectancy, costs, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs), and 5-year budget impact of deploying Truenat POC in India's public sector. Used at the point-of-care in India, Truenat for TB diagnosis should improve linkage-to-care, increase life expectancy,…
Microsimulation | Asia & Pacific | Infectious Diseases | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine -
ArticlePublication 2017Estimated Economic Impact of Vaccinations in 73 LMIC, 2001-2020
This analysis estimates the economic impact likely to be achieved by efforts to vaccinate against 10 …
This analysis estimates the economic impact likely to be achieved by efforts to vaccinate against 10 vaccine-preventable diseases between 2001 and 2020 in 73 low- and middle-income countries largely supported by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. The authors used health impact models to estimate the economic impact of achieving forecasted coverages for vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis B, human papillomavirus, Japanese encephalitis, measles, Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A, rotavirus, rubella, Streptococcus pneumoniae and yellow fever. In…
Microsimulation | Asia & Pacific | Infectious Diseases | Health Outcomes | State-Transition | Dynamic Transmission | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Child/Nutrition | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Middle East & North Africa | Latin America & Caribbean -
ArticlePublication 2015Benefit-Cost Analysis for Selected Surgical Interventions
This chapter presents an approach for performing benefit-cost analysis using cleft lip and palate (CLP) repair as …
This chapter presents an approach for performing benefit-cost analysis using cleft lip and palate (CLP) repair as a model surgical intervention in a subspecialty hospital dedicated to CLP in India, and a benefit-cost analysis based on secondary data that model the benefit and cost of cesarean delivery for treatment of obstructed labor in 47 low- and middle-income countries. This chapter is from Essential Surgery, the first volume in the Disease Control Priorities, third edition (DCP3) series. The…
Benefit-Cost Analysis | Asia & Pacific | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Child/Nutrition | Health Systems | Health/Medicine | Global -
ArticlePublication 2008Mathematical Models of Cervical Cancer Prevention in the Asia Pacific Region
This article reports on a model-based approach to estimate averted cervical cancer cases and deaths, …
This article reports on a model-based approach to estimate averted cervical cancer cases and deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (I$/DALY averted) for vaccination of young adolescent girls against human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18. The authors used population-based and epidemiologic data for 25 countries in Asia (22 GAVI-Alliance eligible countries, Thailand, China and Japan). They found that an absolute reduction in lifetime cancer risk varied across countries, depending on incidence,…
Microsimulation | Asia & Pacific | Infectious Diseases | Mathematical Models | Calibration/Validation | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology -
ArticlePublication 2008Health and Economic Impact of HPV 16 and 18 Vaccination and Cervical Cancer Screening in India
As cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among women in low-income countries, …
As cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer death among women in low-income countries, with approximately 25% of cases worldwide occurring in India, these authors estimated the potential health and economic impact of different cervical cancer prevention strategies in India. After empirically calibrating a cervical cancer model to country-specific epidemiologic data, they projected cancer incidence, life expectancy, and lifetime costs (I$2005), and calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (I$/YLS) for the following strategies: pre-adolescent vaccination of…
Microsimulation | Asia & Pacific | Infectious Diseases | Calibration/Validation | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health Systems | Clinical Care | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology -
ArticlePublication 2008Development of an Empirically Calibrated Model of Gastric Cancer in Two High-Risk Countries
This paper presents an empirically calibrated mathematical model of gastric cancer and H. pylori in …
This paper presents an empirically calibrated mathematical model of gastric cancer and H. pylori in China and Colombia to provide qualitative insight into the cost-effectiveness of gastric cancer prevention strategies. Despite studies that have established the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and gastric cancer and H. pylori treatment reducing cancer incidence among individuals without preexisting precancerous lesions, screening for H. pylori is still being debated. The authors synthesized…!--?xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /-->
Microsimulation | Asia & Pacific | Infectious Diseases | Mathematical Models | Calibration/Validation | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health/Medicine | Latin America & Caribbean