Resources Repository
-
ArticlePublication 2021New Microsimulation Models to Inform Cervical Cancer Control
Health decision models consider the lifetime natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and pathogenesis …
Health decision models consider the lifetime natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and pathogenesis of cervical cancer, and estimate the long-term impact of preventive interventions. We propose a new health decision modeling framework that de-emphasizes previously used cytologic-colposcopic-histologic diagnoses, which are subjective and lack reproducibility, relying instead on HPV type and duration of infection as the major determinants of model transition probabilities. We posit that new model health states and corollary transitions are universal,…
Calibration/Validation | Global | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Mathematical Models | Microsimulation | Decision Analysis | Infectious Diseases -
BookPublication 2019Non-Communicable Disease Prevention: Best Buys, Wasted Buys, Contestable Buys
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, and the majority of these …
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death worldwide, and the majority of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. This book provides practical guidelines and lessons learned through real-world case studies. It is intended to be informative to NCD program managers, policy officers and decision-makers in low- and middle-income countries, who need to comparatively assess interventions for the prevention and control of NCDs.The authors emphasize the importance of context in NCD control…
Global | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Technology Assessment | Priority Setting/Ethics | Infectious Diseases | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Health/Medicine -
BookPublication 2017What's In, What's Out: Designing Benefits for Universal Health Coverage
Many low- and middle-income countries now aspire to universal health coverage, where governments ensure that …
Many low- and middle-income countries now aspire to universal health coverage, where governments ensure that all people have access to the quality health services they need without risk of impoverishment. But for universal health coverage to become reality, the health services offered must be consistent with the funds available-and this implies tough everyday choices for policymakers. This publication argues that the creation of an explicit health benefits plan-a defined list of services that are and are…
Global | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Technology Assessment | Priority Setting/Ethics | Health Outcomes | Evidence Synthesis | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Economics/Finance | Government/Law | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology -
BookPublication 2016Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine, 2nd Edition
This is a revised and expanded edition of the original text on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. The …
This is a revised and expanded edition of the original text on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. The Second Panel on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine included experts drawn from academia, healthcare administration, and government. The book offers advice for conducting analyses to improve the allocation of health resources, and is intended for economists, policy analysts, hospital executives, and students across health, business, and humanities disciplines. New components of this edition, include an in-depth review of the past 20…
Global | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Technology Assessment | Preferences/Values | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Mathematical Models | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | North America | Europe -
ArticlePublication 2014Cost-Effectiveness of Female HPV Vaccination in 179 Countries: A PRIME Modelling Study
The authors present a simple generic model, Papillomavirus Rapid Interface for Modelling and Economics (PRIME), …
The authors present a simple generic model, Papillomavirus Rapid Interface for Modelling and Economics (PRIME), used to assess cost-effectiveness and health effects of vaccination of girls against HPV before sexual debut in terms of burden of cervical cancer and mortality. The PRIME models incidence according to proposed vaccine efficacy against HPV 16/18, vaccine coverage, cervical cancer incidence and mortality, and HPV type distribution. It assumes lifelong vaccine protection and no changes to other screening programs…
Calibration/Validation | Global | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health Outcomes | Mathematical Models | Infectious Diseases | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health Systems | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Middle East & North Africa | Latin America & Caribbean | Asia & Pacific -
GuidelinesPublication 2011HPV Vaccine Introduction in LMIC's: Guidance on the Use of Cost-Effectiveness Models
This article is a literature review of HPV vaccination models suitable for low-income and middle-income …
This article is a literature review of HPV vaccination models suitable for low-income and middle-income country use to provide information about the feasibility of using such models in a developing country setting. The authors evaluated models in terms of their capacity, requirements, limitations and comparability. Their literature review identified six HPV vaccination models suitable for low-income and middle-income country use and representative of the literature in terms of provenance and model structure. Each model was…
Calibration/Validation | Global | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Mathematical Models | Infectious Diseases | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health Systems | Clinical Care | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology -
Resource PackPublication, Teaching Resource 2024Resource Pack: Extended Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Health policies are intended to increase the uptake of effective and efficient interventions and result …
Health policies are intended to increase the uptake of effective and efficient interventions and result in health gains (e.g., premature mortality and morbidity averted). Health policies can also provide non-health benefits in addition to the sole well-being of populations and beyond the health sector. For instance, social and health insurance programs can prevent illness-related impoverishment and provide financial risk protection. Health policies can also improve the distribution of health in the population and promote health…
Global | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Social Determinants | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Culture/Society | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Graduate | Doctoral | Professional | Critical Thinking/Analysis | Decision Making/Leadership | Quantitative Literacy -
Working PaperPublication 2024Economic Evaluation Primer
Economic evaluation is a powerful tool, encouraging the systematic collection and assessment of the evidence …
Economic evaluation is a powerful tool, encouraging the systematic collection and assessment of the evidence needed to support sound policy decisions. In low- and middle-income countries, where resources are especially scarce and needs are very great, such decisions are exceptionally difficult. In these settings, economic evaluation can be particularly useful in determining how to best improve health and welfare. Typically, cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is used to prioritize interventions within the health care sector. This approach…
Global | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Benefit-Cost Analysis | Policy/Regulation -
ArticlePublication 2023Simulation-Based Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of Policies to Improve Global Maternal Health Outcomes
The Sustainable Development Goals include a target to reduce the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) …
The Sustainable Development Goals include a target to reduce the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) to less than 70 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births by 2030, with no individual country exceeding 140. However, on current trends the goals are unlikely to be met. The authors used an empirically calibrated Global Maternal Health microsimulation model, which simulates individual women in 200 countries and territories to evaluate the impact of different interventions and strategies from 2022…
Calibration/Validation | Global | Health Outcomes | Mathematical Models | Microsimulation | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Health Systems | Clinical Care | Health/Medicine