Resources Repository
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ArticlePublication 2023Out-of-Pocket Expenditures & Financial Risks Associated with Treatment of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases in Ethiopia
This study investigates out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures and associated catastrophic health expenditures (CHEs) for vaccine-preventable diseases …
This study investigates out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures and associated catastrophic health expenditures (CHEs) for vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) in Ethiopia. Through a cross-sectional costing analysis, data on OOP direct medical and nonmedical expenditures were collected from 995 households in 54 health facilities nationwide. The study focuses on VPDs in children under 5 years for pneumonia, diarrhea, measles, and pertussis, and in children under 15 years for meningitis. Mean OOP expenditures per disease episode ranged from $5·6 to…
Child/Nutrition | Health/Medicine | Costing Methods | Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Sub-Saharan Africa -
ArticlePublication 2022Child Health Inequity through Case Management of Under-Five Malaria in Nigeria: An ECEA
This study assesses the potential impact of subsidies covering the direct and indirect costs of …
This study assesses the potential impact of subsidies covering the direct and indirect costs of under-five malaria case management in Nigeria, utilizing an extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA) and a decision tree model. Findings reveal that fully subsidizing medical, non-medical, and indirect costs could annually avert over 19,000 under-five deaths, 8,600 cases of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE), and US$187 million in out-of-pocket (OOP) spending. Per US$1 million invested, this translates to a significant reduction in under-five…
Child/Nutrition | Health/Medicine | Health Outcomes | Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Policy/Regulation | Sub-Saharan Africa -
Resource PackPublication, Teaching Resource 2020Resource Pack: SSB Excise Tax Briefs (CHOICES)
Rising rates of obesity represent one of the greatest public health threats facing the United …
Rising rates of obesity represent one of the greatest public health threats facing the United States. Obesity has been linked to excess consumption of sugary drinks. Federal, state, and local governments have considered implementing excise taxes on sugary drinks to reduce consumption, reduce obesity, and provide a new source of government revenue. This resource pack includes a series of briefs describing analyses conducted by the Childhood Obesity Intervention Cost-Effectiveness Study (CHOICES), evaluating the health and economic impact…
Child/Nutrition | Health/Medicine | Health Outcomes | Microsimulation | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Social Determinants | Policy/Regulation | Business/Industry | Economics/Finance | Government/Law | North America | College | Graduate | Doctoral | Professional | Decision Making/Leadership | Policy Translation | Quantitative Literacy -
ArticlePublication 2019Cost-Effectiveness of Community-Based Childhood Obesity Prevention Interventions in Australia
This study examined the cost-effectiveness of community-based obesity prevention interventions (CBIs) consisting of strategies to …
This study examined the cost-effectiveness of community-based obesity prevention interventions (CBIs) consisting of strategies to promote healthy eating and physical activity for Australian children aged between 5-18 years. A multiple cohort Markov model that simulates diseases associated with overweight and obesity was used to estimate the health benefits, measured as health-adjusted life years (HALYs) and healthcare-related cost offsets from diseases averted due to exposure to the intervention. Health and cost outcomes were estimated over the…
Child/Nutrition | Health/Medicine | Health Outcomes | State-Transition | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health Systems | Clinical Care | Food/Agriculture | Oceania -
ArticlePublication 2020Equity & Distributional Impact on Stunting of a Nutritional Package, Children Aged 6-36 Months in China: Modeling Study Findings
This article evaluates the potential impact of rolling out the Ying Yang Bao (YYB) nutritional …
This article evaluates the potential impact of rolling out the Ying Yang Bao (YYB) nutritional package on child stunting across provinces and wealth groups in China, focusing on equity. Utilizing data from the China Family Panel Studies and extended cost-effectiveness analysis methods, the study estimates the distributional impact of a 12-month YYB program for children aged 6-36 months across 25 provinces and two wealth groups. Results indicate that a 75% coverage of YYB could avert…
Child/Nutrition | Health/Medicine | Health Outcomes | Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Asia & Pacific -
ArticlePublication 2018Poverty Reduction & Equity Benefits of Measles, Rotavirus and Pneumococcal Vaccines in LMICs
This study uses the extended cost effectiveness analysis (ECEA) to evaluate the impact of immunization …
This study uses the extended cost effectiveness analysis (ECEA) to evaluate the impact of immunization against measles, severe pneumococcal disease and severe rotavirus for birth cohorts vaccinated over 2016–2030 for three scenarios in 41 Gavi-eligible countries: no immunization, current immunization coverage forecasts and the current immunization coverage enhanced with funding support. Following the distribution of the cases by socioeconomic group, the study found that the number of catastrophic health costs (CHC) cases attributable to measles,…
Child/Nutrition | Health/Medicine | Priority Setting/Ethics | Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Global -
ArticlePublication 2019Impact of a Tax on Sweetened Beverages in the Philippines: an ECEA
This study used extended cost-effectiveness analyses to estimate the effect of the sweetened beverages tax …
This study used extended cost-effectiveness analyses to estimate the effect of the sweetened beverages tax in the Philippines on the numbers of premature deaths averted attributed to type 2 diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease and stroke, across income quintiles over the period 2018-2037. The study also estimated the financial benefits of the tax from reductions in out-of-pocket payments, direct medical costs averted, and government health-care cost savings. The analysis showed that the tax could avert…
Child/Nutrition | Health/Medicine | Priority Setting/Ethics | Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Social Determinants | Policy/Regulation | Asia & Pacific -
ArticlePublication 2018Equity Impact Vaccines May Have on Averting Deaths and Medical Impoverishment
In this analysis, authors estimated the number of deaths averted and the number of cases …
In this analysis, authors estimated the number of deaths averted and the number of cases of medical impoverishment averted of ten antigens and their corresponding vaccines across income quintiles for forty-one low- and middle-income countries. The study found that vaccines administered between 2016 and 2030 would prevent 36 million deaths. Vaccines will have the greatest impact on reducing cases of poverty caused by hepatitis B, helping an estimated 14 million people avoid medical impoverishment. An…
Child/Nutrition | Health/Medicine | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Global Governance | Economics/Finance | Science/Technology | Sub-Saharan Africa | Middle East & North Africa | Asia & Pacific -
Resource PortalWeb Portal, Teaching Resource 2024Millennium Mathematics Project (MMP)
The Millennium Mathematics Project (MMP), a collaboration between the Faculties of Mathematics and Education at the …
The Millennium Mathematics Project (MMP), a collaboration between the Faculties of Mathematics and Education at the University of Cambridge, is a maths education and outreach initiative for ages 3 to 19 and the general public. The focus is on increasing mathematical understanding, confidence and enjoyment, developing problem-solving skills, and promoting creative and imaginative approaches to maths. The project consists of a family of complementary programmes, including the NRICH website, Plus online mathematics magazine, Wild Maths, and…
Child/Nutrition | Health/Medicine | Probability/Bayes | Test Performance | Mathematical Models | Decision Analysis | Risk Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Environmental Health | Science/Technology | Europe | High School | College | Graphics/Visualization | Quantitative Literacy