Resources Repository
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BookPublication 2016Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine, 2nd Edition
This is a revised and expanded edition of the original text on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. The …
This is a revised and expanded edition of the original text on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. The Second Panel on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine included experts drawn from academia, healthcare administration, and government. The book offers advice for conducting analyses to improve the allocation of health resources, and is intended for economists, policy analysts, hospital executives, and students across health, business, and humanities disciplines. New components of this edition, include an in-depth review of the past 20…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Preferences/Values | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Technology Assessment | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Global | North America | Europe -
ArticlePublication 2016Costs and Benefits of Integrated RMNCH
This chapter assesses the costs and benefits of delivering a set of integrated reproductive, maternal, …
This chapter assesses the costs and benefits of delivering a set of integrated reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health interventions in countries with high child and maternal mortality to demonstrate that very high returns can be achieved through this investment and to underscore the importance of an accurate assessment of those returns. This includes the full range of costs involved in delivering integrated care and the full range of benefits that flow from the interventions.…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Child/Nutrition | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Global -
GuidelinesPublication 2016Second Panel on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine
This article provides an overview of the main recommendations of the 2016 Second Panel on …
This article provides an overview of the main recommendations of the 2016 Second Panel on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. In 1993, the U.S. Public Health Service convened the first panel of experts to review the state of cost-effectiveness analysis and to develop guidelines for its use in health, to improve quality and promote comparability. Scientists and scholars in economics, clinical medicine, ethics, and statistics met to share expertise and develop recommendations by consensus. The…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Evidence Synthesis | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Technology Assessment | Health/Medicine | North America -
ReviewPublication 2016Remembering Howard Raiffa
Howard Raiffa (1924-2016) had a profound influence on all aspects of the decision sciences and on …
Howard Raiffa (1924-2016) had a profound influence on all aspects of the decision sciences and on the fields of systems analysis and operations research. He guided the introduction of the decision sciences into numerous fields such as business, medicine, public health, the environmental sciences, and law, and was instrumental in building world-recognized institutions such as the Kennedy School at Harvard and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis near Vienna, Austria. This article is a thoughtful tribute by…
Decision Theory | Preferences/Values | Decision Analysis | Operations Research | Business/Industry | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Military/Defense | North America -
ArticlePublication 2016Identifying Cost-Effective Dynamic Policies to Control Epidemics
This paper describes a mathematical decision model for identifying dynamic health policies for controlling epidemics. …
This paper describes a mathematical decision model for identifying dynamic health policies for controlling epidemics. The dynamic policies aim to select the best current intervention based on accumulating epidemic data and the availability of resources at each decision point. An algorithm is proposed to approximate dynamic policies that optimize the population's net health benefit, a performance measure which accounts for both health and monetary outcomes. The authors further illustrate how dynamic policies can be defined and…
Dynamic Transmission | Mathematical Models | Dynamic Simulation | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Health/Medicine -
Tutorial/PrimerPublication, Teaching Resource 2016Extended Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for Health Policy Assessment: A Tutorial
This tutorial describes both the intent of extended cost-effectiveness analysis and its keys to allow …
This tutorial describes both the intent of extended cost-effectiveness analysis and its keys to allow easy implementation for health policy assessment. Extended cost-effectiveness analysis was developed to address health policy assessment, specifically to evaluate the health and financial consequences of public policies in four domains: (1) the health gains; (2) the financial risk protection benefits; (3) the total costs to the policy makers; and (4) the distributional benefits.
Priority Setting/Ethics | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Social Determinants | Global -
ArticlePublication 2016Estimation of the Cost-Effectiveness Threshold: Why, What, How?
This is a systematic review of the thresholds used in cost-effectiveness analyses in several international …
This is a systematic review of the thresholds used in cost-effectiveness analyses in several international settings. While many health care systems claim to incorporate the cost-effectiveness criterion in their investment decisions, the threshold value is often controversial and not publicly available. Even when available, it often lacks a theoretical or empirical basis. This article aims to identify and critically appraise the conceptual perspectives and methodologies used to date to estimate the cost-effectiveness threshold. The authors…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health Systems | Culture/Society | Health/Medicine -
Lesson/ModuleWeb Portal, Teaching Resource 2016Educational Module: Models and Practice
This module is an introduction to models and to their role in regulatory decision-making, and …
This module is an introduction to models and to their role in regulatory decision-making, and is intended for non-scientists from a variety of different backgrounds including law, journalism, public policy, and business. The module covers three main themes: (1) Core lessons on using models for policy making; (2) Key questions on the art and science of modeling including how models differ from other scientific techniques; and (3) Key ideas on using models in policy-making including how…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Mathematical Models | Environmental Health | Policy/Regulation | Business/Industry | Climate/Environment | Government/Law | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology | Global | North America | College | Graduate | Doctoral | Critical Thinking/Analysis | Conceptual Mapping | Decision Making/Leadership -
Lesson/ModuleWeb Portal, Teaching Resource 2016Educational Module: Forensic Pattern Recognition
This module uses latent print (fingerprint) identification as a case study of the broader category …
This module uses latent print (fingerprint) identification as a case study of the broader category of forensic pattern recognition evidence. The case of forensic pattern recognition evidence is meant, in turn, to be a case study of the broader issue of the interaction between science and law and policy. The case of fingerprinting identification poses challenging questions for legal professionals and policy-makers. Although fingerprint identification is one of the most widely used and widely trusted…
Decision Theory | Probability/Bayes | Decision Analysis | Policy/Regulation | Government/Law | Science/Technology | Global | North America | College | Graduate | Doctoral | Critical Thinking/Analysis | Decision Making/Leadership | Quantitative Literacy