Resources Repository
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ArticlePublication 2021COVID and the Age–VSL Relationship
In this article, the researchers explore the approach used to value COVID-19 mortality risk reductions …
In this article, the researchers explore the approach used to value COVID-19 mortality risk reductions in analyses of lockdowns and other policies. Many rely on a population-average estimate of the value per statistical life (VSL); others adjust VSL for life expectancy at the age of death. The article explores the implications of theory and empirical studies, which suggest that the relationship between age and VSL is uncertain; these uncertainties in turn may affect whether the…
Preferences/Values | Benefit-Cost Analysis | North America | Infectious Diseases | Government/Law | Health/Medicine -
OrganizationWeb Portal 2024Council of Economic Advisers
The Council of Economic Advisers is an agency within the Executive Office of the President …
The Council of Economic Advisers is an agency within the Executive Office of the President and is charged with offering the President objective economic advice on the formulation of both domestic and international economic policy. The Council bases its recommendations and analysis on economic research and empirical evidence, using the best data available to support the President in setting our nation's economic policy. Learn about recent news and reports.
Benefit-Cost Analysis | Risk Analysis | North America | Evidence Synthesis | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Policy/Regulation | Economics/Finance | Government/Law -
ArticlePublication 2014Evaluation of FDA Benefit-Cost Analysis of Graphic Warning Labels
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is required to do a regulatory impact analysis assessing …
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is required to do a regulatory impact analysis assessing the costs and benefits of its tobacco products and other regulations. This paper provides a critical review of the approach the FDA used in its proposed and final graphic warning label rule, and includes recommendations on how to improve the analysis in ways that account for the differences between tobacco use and consumption of most consumer products. To date, FDA…
Benefit-Cost Analysis | Costing Methods | North America | Chronic Disease/Risk | Policy/Regulation | Government/Law | Health/Medicine -
OrganizationWeb Portal 2024Society for Medical Decision Making
The Society for Medical Decision Making (SMDM), founded in 1979, works to improve health and …
The Society for Medical Decision Making (SMDM), founded in 1979, works to improve health and clinical care of individuals and populations through the advancement of systematic methods to address decision-making under conditions of uncertainty, and to provide a training ground for scholars in the field of medical decision making. Members include researchers, clinicians, educators, managers and policy makers from varied backgrounds and academic disciplines. SMDM provides opportunities for collaboration, networking and mentorship to professionals and trainees…
Preferences/Values | Costing Methods | North America | Priority Setting/Ethics | Value of Information | Decision Analysis | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Global | Europe -
ReviewPublication 2016Remembering Howard Raiffa
Howard Raiffa (1924-2016) had a profound influence on all aspects of the decision sciences and on …
Howard Raiffa (1924-2016) had a profound influence on all aspects of the decision sciences and on the fields of systems analysis and operations research. He guided the introduction of the decision sciences into numerous fields such as business, medicine, public health, the environmental sciences, and law, and was instrumental in building world-recognized institutions such as the Kennedy School at Harvard and the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis near Vienna, Austria. This article is a thoughtful tribute by…
Preferences/Values | Decision Theory | North America | Decision Analysis | Operations Research | Business/Industry | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Military/Defense -
ReviewPublication 2016Strengthening Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for Public Health Policy
Many important opportunities to improve health lie outside the health sector and involve improving the …
Many important opportunities to improve health lie outside the health sector and involve improving the conditions in which we live and work: safe design and maintenance of roads, bridges, train tracks, and airports; control of environmental pollutants; occupational safety; healthy buildings; a safe and healthy food supply; safe manufacture of consumer products; a healthy social environment; and others. Faced with the overwhelming array of possibilities, U.S. decision makers need help identifying those that can contribute the…
Preferences/Values | Costing Methods | North America | Priority Setting/Ethics | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Social Determinants | Environmental Health | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Climate/Environment | Economics/Finance | Food/Agriculture | Health/Medicine -
ArticlePublication 2015Valuing Regulations Affecting Addictive or Habitual Goods
The analysis of regulations affecting addictive or habitual goods has drawn considerable controversy. Some studies …
The analysis of regulations affecting addictive or habitual goods has drawn considerable controversy. Some studies have suggested that such regulations have only small welfare benefits, as consumers value these goods despite health benefits from quitting, while other studies suggest that information or behavioral problems make existing consumption decisions a poor guide to welfare evaluation. This analysis examines potential utility offsets to health benefits of regulations affecting addictive or habitual goods theoretically and empirically. The paper…
Preferences/Values | Benefit-Cost Analysis | North America | Chronic Disease/Risk | Social Determinants | Policy/Regulation | Culture/Society | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine -
Working PaperPublication 2015Benefit-Cost Analysis and the Cities
This paper provides a short introduction to the use of benefit-cost analysis to assess interventions …
This paper provides a short introduction to the use of benefit-cost analysis to assess interventions undertaken at the city or municipal level. It introduces the concepts that underlie the conduct of benefit-cost analysis, describes the major analytic components, and discusses how to tailor the analysis to the characteristics of the policy and the resources available. It concludes with a list of references for those interested in learning more.
Preferences/Values | Benefit-Cost Analysis | North America | Priority Setting/Ethics | Decision Analysis | Social Determinants | Environmental Health | Policy/Regulation | Climate/Environment | Culture/Society | Economics/Finance | Government/Law | Critical Thinking/Analysis -
ReviewPublication 2015Major Concepts of Health Care Economics
This article provides a short simple guide to major economic concepts, such as supply, demand, monopoly, …
This article provides a short simple guide to major economic concepts, such as supply, demand, monopoly, monopsony, adverse selection, and moral hazard. Concepts are applied to central features of U.S. health care to illuminate some of the principal problems of health policy - high cost and the uninsured - and explain why solutions are difficult to obtain.
Benefit-Cost Analysis | Costing Methods | North America | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine