Resources Repository
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Teaching PackPublication, Teaching Resource 2022Teaching Pack: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis I
In this teaching pack on Economic Evaluation: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis I, students are introduced to economic evaluation …
In this teaching pack on Economic Evaluation: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis I, students are introduced to economic evaluation as it relates to public health and learn to distinguish between cost-effectiveness and benefit-cost analyses. They learn the concepts of opportunity cost, incremental cost-effectiveness analysis and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. Finally, students are shown the steps used to conduct a shopping spree cost-effectiveness analysis designed to maximize health under a budget constraint. Materials include an instructor's note, videos, companion slides, a…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Decision Analysis | College | Graduate | Doctoral | Critical Thinking/Analysis | Quantitative Literacy -
Teaching PackPublication, Teaching Resource 2022Teaching Pack: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis II
In this teaching pack on Economic Evaluation: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis II, students are introduced to the …
In this teaching pack on Economic Evaluation: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis II, students are introduced to the concepts of the ‘competing choice’ analysis where the choice is between mutually exclusive options and how to recognize strong and weak dominance. Additionally, students learn to plot the results of the competing choice analysis, including how to display dominated options, and finally, students are shown how to structure, conduct and interpret results of a cost-effectiveness analysis that combines the ‘shopping…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Decision Analysis | College | Graduate | Doctoral | Critical Thinking/Analysis | Quantitative Literacy -
ArticlePublication 2017Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention Program in Zambia
This article, published in Trials, outlines a protocol for a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and an …
This article, published in Trials, outlines a protocol for a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and an extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA) of a comprehensive adolescent pregnancy prevention program in Zambia. The study will be conducted alongside a cluster-randomized controlled trial, which tests the hypothesis that economic support with or without community dialogue is an effective strategy for reducing adolescent childbearing rates. The ECEA will estimate the costs of the intervention packages per unit health and non-health gain…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Child/Nutrition | Social Determinants | Health Systems | Sub-Saharan Africa -
ArticlePublication 2017Cost-Effectiveness of Screening for Hypertension and Counseling for Prevention
This article aimed to compare the health and economic impact of 3 services recommended by …
This article aimed to compare the health and economic impact of 3 services recommended by the US Preventive Services Task Force for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD): (1) aspirin counseling for the primary prevention of CVD and colorectal cancer, (2) screening and treatment for lipid disorders (usually high cholesterol), and (3) screening and treatment for hypertension. A microsimulation model was used to compare lifetime outcomes from the societal perspective for a US-representative birth…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Microsimulation | Chronic Disease/Risk | Policy/Regulation | Clinical Care | North America -
ArticlePublication 2017Cost-Effectiveness of Intensive versus Standard Blood-Pressure Control
Based on data from the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT), the authors of this …
Based on data from the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT), the authors of this article compared the cost-effectiveness of intensive versus standard control in adults at high risk for cardiovascular disease who received intensive systolic blood-pressure control. A microsimulation model was used to project lifetime costs of treatment and monitoring, cardiovascular disease events and subsequent treatment costs, treatment-related risks of serious adverse events and subsequent costs, and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) for the two strategies.…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Health Outcomes | Microsimulation | Chronic Disease/Risk | North America -
ArticlePublication 2017Revealed Willingness-to-Pay vs. Standard Cost-Effectiveness Thresholds
This study estimates the cost-effectiveness thresholds (CETs) of 16 HIV programs in South Africa. The …
This study estimates the cost-effectiveness thresholds (CETs) of 16 HIV programs in South Africa. The use of CETs based on a country’s income per capita has been criticized for not being grounded in theory or evidence, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). An alternative has been produced for South Africa, based on estimates of life years saved and the country’s committed HIV budget. The authors used a previously -published optimization method to estimate CETs,…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Preferences/Values | Priority Setting/Ethics | Infectious Diseases | Economics/Finance | Sub-Saharan Africa -
ArticlePublication 2017Cost-Effectiveness of Testing and Treatment for Latent TB
Testing for and treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is among the main strategies to achieve …
Testing for and treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is among the main strategies to achieve TB elimination in the United States. This analysis estimated health outcomes, costs, and cost-effectiveness of LTBI testing and treatment among non-US born residents with and without medical comorbidities (e.g., diabetes, HIV infection, and end-stage renal disease). A decision analytic tree and Markov cohort simulation model was used to compare the following strategies: no testing, tuberculin skin test (TST), interferon gamma release assay…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Test Performance | State-Transition | Microsimulation | Infectious Diseases | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Global | North America -
BookPublication 2017What's In, What's Out: Designing Benefits for Universal Health Coverage
Many low- and middle-income countries now aspire to universal health coverage, where governments ensure that …
Many low- and middle-income countries now aspire to universal health coverage, where governments ensure that all people have access to the quality health services they need without risk of impoverishment. But for universal health coverage to become reality, the health services offered must be consistent with the funds available-and this implies tough everyday choices for policymakers. This publication argues that the creation of an explicit health benefits plan-a defined list of services that are and are…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Priority Setting/Ethics | Health Outcomes | Evidence Synthesis | Technology Assessment | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Economics/Finance | Government/Law | Science/Technology | Global -
ArticlePublication 2017Getting it Right When Budgets are Tight: Prioritizing Responses to HIV Epidemics
Prioritizing investments across health interventions is complicated by the nonlinear relationship between intervention coverage and …
Prioritizing investments across health interventions is complicated by the nonlinear relationship between intervention coverage and epidemiological outcomes. It can be difficult for countries to know which interventions to prioritize for greatest epidemiological impact, particularly when budgets are uncertain.The authors examined four case studies of HIV epidemics in diverse settings, each with different characteristics. These case studies were based on public data available for Belarus, Peru, Togo, and Myanmar. The Optima HIV model and software package…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Mathematical Models | Infectious Diseases | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Sub-Saharan Africa | Middle East & North Africa | Latin America & Caribbean | Asia & Pacific