Resources Repository
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GuidelinesPublication 2013Economic Analyses to Support Decisions about HPV Vaccination in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Consensus Report and Guide
Low- and middle-income countries need to consider economic issues such as cost-effectiveness, affordability and sustainability …
Low- and middle-income countries need to consider economic issues such as cost-effectiveness, affordability and sustainability before introducing a program for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. However, many such countries lack the technical capacity and data to conduct their own analyses. This report describes the consensus of an expert group convened by the World Health Organization, prioritizing key issues to be addressed when considering economic analyses to support HPV vaccine introduction in these countries. The expert group…
Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology | Sub-Saharan Africa | Middle East & North Africa | Latin America & Caribbean | Asia & Pacific -
GuidelinesPublication 2012Model Parameter Estimation and Uncertainty Analysis: A Report of the ISPOR-SMDM Modeling Task Force-6
This paper discusses methods for the reporting of uncertainty, both in terms of deterministic sensitivity …
This paper discusses methods for the reporting of uncertainty, both in terms of deterministic sensitivity analysis techniques and probabilistic methods. Stochastic (first-order) uncertainty is distinguished from both parameter (second-order) uncertainty and from heterogeneity, with structural uncertainty relating to the model itself forming another level of uncertainty. The article describes the process of estimating model inputs, whether these are point estimates or distributions. It also explores the link between parameter uncertainty, decision uncertainty, and value-of-information analysis.…
Value of Information | Mathematical Models | Calibration/Validation | Health/Medicine -
GuidelinesPublication 2011HPV Vaccine Introduction in LMIC's: Guidance on the Use of Cost-Effectiveness Models
This article is a literature review of HPV vaccination models suitable for low-income and middle-income …
This article is a literature review of HPV vaccination models suitable for low-income and middle-income country use to provide information about the feasibility of using such models in a developing country setting. The authors evaluated models in terms of their capacity, requirements, limitations and comparability. Their literature review identified six HPV vaccination models suitable for low-income and middle-income country use and representative of the literature in terms of provenance and model structure. Each model was…
Mathematical Models | Calibration/Validation | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health Systems | Clinical Care | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology | Global -
GuidelinesPublication 2011Calibrating Models in Economic Evaluation
This article provides guidance on the theoretical underpinnings of different calibration methods used for mathematical …
This article provides guidance on the theoretical underpinnings of different calibration methods used for mathematical models for economic evaluations. The calibration process is divided into seven steps and different potential methods at each step are discussed, focusing on the particular features of disease models in economic evaluation. The seven steps are (i) Which parameters should be varied in the calibration process? (ii) Which calibration targets should be used? (iii) What measure of goodness of fit…
Mathematical Models | Calibration/Validation | Health/Medicine -
GuidelinesPublication, Teaching Resource 2018Behavioral Economics Guide 2018
The 2018 Behavioral Economics Guide provides an introduction to behavioral economics, a review of developments …
The 2018 Behavioral Economics Guide provides an introduction to behavioral economics, a review of developments in the field, insights from practitioners, and general resources such as postgraduate programs and scholarly journals. This is the fifth edition of this now yearly publication. The 2018 edition features an introduction written by Robert Cialdini. Behavioraleconomics.com is the official home of the Behavioral Economics Guide. The guide is downloadable free of charge from the website.
Decision Theory | Decision Psychology | Preferences/Values | College | Graduate | Doctoral | Professional -
GuidelinesPublication 2017Guidelines for Regulatory Impact Analysis: A Primer
This “Frequently Asked Question” style document gives a brief overview of Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA), …
This “Frequently Asked Question” style document gives a brief overview of Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA), a method used by the US government to assess the consequences of proposed policies and their alternatives. The document is aimed at those who are new to the topic. RIAs apply a framework for collecting, organizing, and evaluating data. They help ensure that regulatory actions are justified and necessary to achieve social goals, and that these actions are implemented in the…
Benefit-Cost Analysis | Business/Industry | Government/Law | North America -
GuidelinesPublication 2016Second Panel on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine
This article provides an overview of the main recommendations of the 2016 Second Panel on …
This article provides an overview of the main recommendations of the 2016 Second Panel on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. In 1993, the U.S. Public Health Service convened the first panel of experts to review the state of cost-effectiveness analysis and to develop guidelines for its use in health, to improve quality and promote comparability. Scientists and scholars in economics, clinical medicine, ethics, and statistics met to share expertise and develop recommendations by consensus. The…
Costing Methods | Priority Setting/Ethics | Evidence Synthesis | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Technology Assessment | Health/Medicine | North America -
GuidelinesPublication 2014Principles of Good Practice for Budget Impact Analysis
This report provides recommendations for conducting a Budget Impact Analysis from the ISPOR 2012 Budget …
This report provides recommendations for conducting a Budget Impact Analysis from the ISPOR 2012 Budget Impact Analysis Good Practice II Task Force. National regulatory agencies such as the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence in England and Wales and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee in Australia, as well as managed care organizations in the United States, now require that companies submit estimates of both the cost-effectiveness and the likely impact of the new health-care…
Costing Methods | Government/Law | Health/Medicine | Europe -
GuidelinesPublication 2014EPA Guidelines for Preparing Economic Analyses
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Guidelines for Preparing Economic Analyses provide a framework for …
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Guidelines for Preparing Economic Analyses provide a framework for assessing the impacts of environmental regulations and policies that has been extensively peer-reviewed and is widely-applied both within and outside of the agency. The Guidelines discuss: (1) statutory and executive order requirements for conducting economic analyses; (2) identifying the need for policy action; (3) regulatory and non-regulatory approaches to pollution control; (4) baseline definition; (5) discounting future benefits and costs;…
Benefit-Cost Analysis | Preferences/Values | Priority Setting/Ethics | Decision Analysis | Environmental Health | Policy/Regulation | Climate/Environment | Government/Law | North America | Critical Thinking/Analysis