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Resources Repository
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ArticlePublication 2015Population Health Model (POHEM): An Overview
This paper provides an overview of the rationale, methodology and applications of the Population Health …
This paper provides an overview of the rationale, methodology and applications of the Population Health Model (POHEM). POHEM is a health microsimulation model, developed at Statistics Canada in the early 1990s. The authors describe that POHEM draws together rich multivariate data from a wide range of sources to simulate the lifecycle of the Canadian population, specifically focusing on aspects of health. The model dynamically simulates individuals’ disease states, risk factors, and health determinants, in order…
Evidence Synthesis | Microsimulation | Mathematical Models | Calibration/Validation | Costing Methods | Health/Medicine | North America | Health Systems | Chronic Disease/Risk | Policy/Regulation | Clinical Care | Economics/Finance -
ArticlePublication 2021Health Opportunity Cost Threshold for CEA in the U.S.
Using a modeled cohort of 100,000 individuals in the United States with private health insurance, …
Using a modeled cohort of 100,000 individuals in the United States with private health insurance, the authors simulated the short-term mortality and morbidity resulting from increased premium related cancelation of insurance coverage. The authors used this model to estimate cost-effectiveness thresholds, in dollars per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained based on health opportunity costs. They reported the number of persons who dropped insurance coverage, resulting number of additional deaths and QALYs lost from mortality and…
Evidence Synthesis | Priority Setting/Ethics | Microsimulation | Health Outcomes | Health/Medicine | North America | Health Systems | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Policy/Regulation -
ArticlePublication 2018Trading Bankruptcy for Health: A Discrete-Choice Experiment
This article in Value in Health evaluates the importance of improved health as compared to …
This article in Value in Health evaluates the importance of improved health as compared to improved financial risk protection in the general United States population. Using a discrete-choice experiment, it finds that 31.3% of the population values cure at all costs, and 8.5% of the population use financial solvency to dominate medical decision making. This study shares insight to the US population values and trade-offs between health outcomes and financial health, and highlights the difficult…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Health Outcomes | Health/Medicine | Culture/Society | North America | Health Systems | Preferences/Values | Economics/Finance -
ArticleWeb Portal 2017PLoS Collection: Prevention, Diagnosis and Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Infections
Globally, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than one million new sexually transmitted …
Globally, the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than one million new sexually transmitted infections (STIs) occur each day, incurring a very substantial burden of morbidity, mortality and additional infections. The pathogens responsible include bacteria, parasites and viruses, and intensive research is needed to address the substantial barriers to diagnosis and treatment of STIs, and the behavioral challenges of prevention. This PLOS collection, published in collaboration with WHO, focuses on global policy and systems…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Mathematical Models | Dynamic Transmission | Costing Methods | Health/Medicine | Asia & Pacific | Health Systems | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Economics/Finance | Sub-Saharan Africa | Middle East & North Africa | Latin America & Caribbean -
ArticlePublication 2017Estimated Economic Impact of Vaccinations in 73 LMIC, 2001-2020
This analysis estimates the economic impact likely to be achieved by efforts to vaccinate against 10 …
This analysis estimates the economic impact likely to be achieved by efforts to vaccinate against 10 vaccine-preventable diseases between 2001 and 2020 in 73 low- and middle-income countries largely supported by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. The authors used health impact models to estimate the economic impact of achieving forecasted coverages for vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis B, human papillomavirus, Japanese encephalitis, measles, Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A, rotavirus, rubella, Streptococcus pneumoniae and yellow fever. In…
Microsimulation | Dynamic Transmission | State-Transition | Health Outcomes | Health/Medicine | Asia & Pacific | Health Systems | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Child/Nutrition | Economics/Finance | Sub-Saharan Africa | Middle East & North Africa | Latin America & Caribbean -
ArticlePublication 2016An Extended CEA of Schizophrenia Treatment in India under Universal Public Finance
This paper evaluates the potential health and financial risk protection effects of a policy of …
This paper evaluates the potential health and financial risk protection effects of a policy of universal public finance (UPF) to treating schizophrenia in India. The study uses the extended cost effectiveness analysis framework across income quintiles. The results show financial protection benefits concentrated in the richest income quintiles, while health gains were concentrated among the poorest. The value of insurance is highest for the poorest income and decreases as the household income increases. In settings…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health/Medicine | Culture/Society | Asia & Pacific | Health Systems | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Mental Health | Clinical Care | Economics/Finance -
ArticlePublication 2016Maternal-Related Deaths and Impoverishment among Adolescent Girls in India and Niger
This article, published in BMJ Open, examined the distribution of maternal deaths and impoverishment among …
This article, published in BMJ Open, examined the distribution of maternal deaths and impoverishment among adolescent girls across socioeconomic groups in Niger and India, which have the largest fertility rate, and number of maternal deaths, respectively. Results showed that in Niger and India, the poorer adolescents had a larger number of maternal deaths compared to the richer. Impoverishment occurred mostly among the richer adolescents in Niger and among the poorer adolescents in India. Increasing educational…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Mathematical Models | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Health/Medicine | Asia & Pacific | Health Systems | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Social Determinants | Economics/Finance | Education/Labor | Sub-Saharan Africa -
ArticlePublication 2015A Conceptual Model for Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancer Screening
General frameworks of the cancer screening process are available, but none directly compare the process …
General frameworks of the cancer screening process are available, but none directly compare the process in detail across different organ sites. This limits the ability of medical and public health professionals to develop and evaluate coordinated screening programs that apply resources and population management strategies available for one cancer site to other sites. This paper presents a conceptual model that incorporates a single screening episode for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancers into a unified framework based…
Evidence Synthesis | Microsimulation | Test Performance | Health Outcomes | Health/Medicine | North America | Health Systems | Preferences/Values | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Clinical Care | Science/Technology -
ArticlePublication 2015Benefits of Scaling a Home-Based Neonatal Care Package in Rural India
In 2011, India introduced a home-based newborn care (HBNC) package to be delivered by community …
In 2011, India introduced a home-based newborn care (HBNC) package to be delivered by community health workers across rural areas. The authors estimate the disease and economic burden that could be averted by scaling up the HBNC in rural India using IndiaSim, an agent-based simulation model. Under one scenario, the existing community health worker network begins providing HBNC for rural households without access to home- or facility-based newborn care. In the second scenario, coverage of…
Microsimulation | Costing Methods | Health/Medicine | Culture/Society | Asia & Pacific | Health Systems | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Child/Nutrition