Resources Repository
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ArticlePublication 2017Reduced Burden of Childhood Diarrheal Diseases through Increased Access to Water and Sanitation in India: Modeling Analysis
This analysis estimates the health and economic benefits of scaling up the coverage of piped …
This analysis estimates the health and economic benefits of scaling up the coverage of piped water and improved sanitation to a near-universal 95% level among Indian households. The authors used an agent-based microsimulation platform, IndiaSim, to model disease progression and individual healthcare-seeking behavior in India, and use ECEA to estimate health and economic outcomes over time. They found that scaling up access to piped water and improved sanitation could avert 43,352 diarrheal episodes and 68…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Microsimulation | Costing Methods | Health/Medicine | Environmental Health | Health Outcomes | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Child/Nutrition | Social Determinants | Economics/Finance | Energy/Engineering | Science/Technology | Asia & Pacific -
ArticlePublication 2023Simulation-Based Comparative Effectiveness Analysis of Policies to Improve Global Maternal Health Outcomes
The Sustainable Development Goals include a target to reduce the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) …
The Sustainable Development Goals include a target to reduce the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) to less than 70 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births by 2030, with no individual country exceeding 140. However, on current trends the goals are unlikely to be met. The authors used an empirically calibrated Global Maternal Health microsimulation model, which simulates individual women in 200 countries and territories to evaluate the impact of different interventions and strategies from 2022…
Microsimulation | Calibration/Validation | Health/Medicine | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Health Outcomes | Mathematical Models | Health Systems | Clinical Care | Global -
ArticlePublication 2023Simulation-Based Estimates and Projections of Global, Regional and Country-Level Maternal Mortality by Cause, 1990-2050
While progress has been made globally to reduce maternal deaths, measurement remains a challenge given …
While progress has been made globally to reduce maternal deaths, measurement remains a challenge given the many causes and frequent underreporting of maternal deaths. The authors developed a structural microsimulation model of Global Maternal Health (GMatH) for 200 countries and territories using demographic, epidemiologic, clinical and health system data synthesized from the medical literature, Civil Registration Vital Statistics systems and Demographic and Health Survey data. The model was calibrated to empirical data from 1990 to…
Microsimulation | Calibration/Validation | Health/Medicine | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Health Outcomes | Evidence Synthesis | Health Systems | Clinical Care | Global -
ArticlePublication 2016Costs and Benefits of Integrated RMNCH
This chapter assesses the costs and benefits of delivering a set of integrated reproductive, maternal, …
This chapter assesses the costs and benefits of delivering a set of integrated reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health interventions in countries with high child and maternal mortality to demonstrate that very high returns can be achieved through this investment and to underscore the importance of an accurate assessment of those returns. This includes the full range of costs involved in delivering integrated care and the full range of benefits that flow from the interventions.…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health/Medicine | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Child/Nutrition | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Global -
ReviewPublication 2016Strengthening Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for Public Health Policy
Many important opportunities to improve health lie outside the health sector and involve improving the …
Many important opportunities to improve health lie outside the health sector and involve improving the conditions in which we live and work: safe design and maintenance of roads, bridges, train tracks, and airports; control of environmental pollutants; occupational safety; healthy buildings; a safe and healthy food supply; safe manufacture of consumer products; a healthy social environment; and others. Faced with the overwhelming array of possibilities, U.S. decision makers need help identifying those that can contribute the…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health/Medicine | Environmental Health | Preferences/Values | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Social Determinants | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Climate/Environment | Economics/Finance | Food/Agriculture | North America -
ArticlePublication 2016Maternal-Related Deaths and Impoverishment among Adolescent Girls in India and Niger
This article, published in BMJ Open, examined the distribution of maternal deaths and impoverishment among …
This article, published in BMJ Open, examined the distribution of maternal deaths and impoverishment among adolescent girls across socioeconomic groups in Niger and India, which have the largest fertility rate, and number of maternal deaths, respectively. Results showed that in Niger and India, the poorer adolescents had a larger number of maternal deaths compared to the richer. Impoverishment occurred mostly among the richer adolescents in Niger and among the poorer adolescents in India. Increasing educational…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health/Medicine | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Health Outcomes | Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Social Determinants | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Education/Labor | Sub-Saharan Africa | Asia & Pacific -
ReviewPublication 2016Review: CEA for Maternal, Newborn, Child Health
This chapter summarizes the findings of a systematic search of the cost-effectiveness literature on interventions …
This chapter summarizes the findings of a systematic search of the cost-effectiveness literature on interventions to improve reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health. Interventions for newborn health, treatment of febrile illness, immunization against preventable diseases, and micronutrient interventions remain among the most cost-effective and affordable. Other studies explore how to provide existing interventions using new platforms to increase outreach or decrease cost per person covered, or both. Interventions provided in the community may achieve both purposes to…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health/Medicine | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Child/Nutrition | Health Systems | Education/Labor | Global -
ArticlePublication 2015Extended Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Treatment and Prevention of Diarrhoea in Ethiopia
This article, published in BMJ Open, aims to illustrate the size and distribution of benefits …
This article, published in BMJ Open, aims to illustrate the size and distribution of benefits due to the treatment and prevention of diarrhoea (i.e., rotavirus vaccination) in Ethiopia. The authors use an economic model to examine the impacts of universal public finance (UPF) of diarrhoeal treatment alone, as opposed to diarrhoeal treatment along with rotavirus vaccination using extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA). The study finds that diarrhoeal treatment paired with rotavirus vaccination is more cost effective…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health/Medicine | Environmental Health | Health Outcomes | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Child/Nutrition | Social Determinants | Health Systems | Climate/Environment | Economics/Finance | Sub-Saharan Africa -
ArticlePublication 2015Extended CEA: Surgical Access in Ethiopia
This chapter presents an extended cost-effectiveness analysis of strategies to improve access to surgical care …
This chapter presents an extended cost-effectiveness analysis of strategies to improve access to surgical care in rural Ethiopia, providing information on the health and financial risk protection benefits of policies. This chapter is from Essential Surgery, the first volume in the Disease Control Priorities, third edition (DCP3) series. The volume presents data on the surgical burden of disease, disability, congenital anomalies, and trauma, along with health impact and economic analyses of procedures, platforms, and packages…
Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health/Medicine | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Child/Nutrition | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Sub-Saharan Africa