Resources Repository
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Lesson/ModuleWeb Portal, Teaching Resource 2017Policy Communication Toolkit
This Policy Communication Toolkit is a resource to bridge the gap that often lies between …
This Policy Communication Toolkit is a resource to bridge the gap that often lies between research and policy. It consolidates tools, materials, and approaches PRB has developed and refined over 30 years of training researchers to communicate to policy audiences. Through this toolkit, users can build skills to bridge this gap, with the goal of increasing the use of evidence in policy and decisionmaking. Research often has profound implications for policy, but without effective communication…
Global | Policy/Regulation | Social Determinants | Health Systems | Global Governance | Business/Industry | Culture/Society | Government/Law | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology | Graduate | Doctoral | Professional | Graphics/Visualization | Policy Translation | Quantitative Literacy -
Working PaperPublication 2018Valuing Nonfatal Health Risk Reductions
This paper explores approaches for valuing nonfatal risk reductions associated with policy choices in low- …
This paper explores approaches for valuing nonfatal risk reductions associated with policy choices in low- and middle-income countries. The approach for valuation ideally would be based on estimates of individuals’ willingness to pay for changes in their own risks. However, high quality valuation research is not available for many nonfatal conditions even in high-income settings. Typically, two approaches are used either alone or in combination as rough proxies. The first involves applying an estimate of…
Global | Policy/Regulation | Preferences/Values | Priority Setting/Ethics | Health Outcomes | Decision Analysis | Benefit-Cost Analysis | Social Determinants | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Critical Thinking/Analysis -
ArticlePublication 2018DALYS and QALYs – Does the Choice of Measure Matter?
This article discusses the measurement of health benefits as a key issue in health economic …
This article discusses the measurement of health benefits as a key issue in health economic evaluations. Authors adapted two previously published models, a Markov model for human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination, and a pneumococcal vaccination deterministic model (PNEUMO) that reported outputs in QALYs to estimate DALYs in 3 settings, Argentina, Chile, and the United Kingdom. While the authors found that QALY gains were larger than DALYs avoided in all countries for HPV, differences using QALYs…
Europe | Policy/Regulation | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Health/Medicine | Latin America & Caribbean -
ReviewPublication 2018Patient Variability Seldom Assessed in Cost-Effectiveness Studies
This article in Medical Decision Making reviews 200 articles published in 2014 to determine whether …
This article in Medical Decision Making reviews 200 articles published in 2014 to determine whether each cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) study reported subgroup results and collected data on the defining characteristics of these subgroups. Since estimates can vary across patient subgroups when characteristics are influenced by preferences, outcome risks, treatment effectiveness, life expectancy, or associated costs it can be important to track and report these differences. The authors identified whether any of the CEA subgroup results…
Global | Policy/Regulation | Preferences/Values | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Social Determinants | Health Systems | Health/Medicine -
Resource PortalWeb Portal, Teaching Resource 2024Millennium Mathematics Project (MMP)
The Millennium Mathematics Project (MMP), a collaboration between the Faculties of Mathematics and Education at the …
The Millennium Mathematics Project (MMP), a collaboration between the Faculties of Mathematics and Education at the University of Cambridge, is a maths education and outreach initiative for ages 3 to 19 and the general public. The focus is on increasing mathematical understanding, confidence and enjoyment, developing problem-solving skills, and promoting creative and imaginative approaches to maths. The project consists of a family of complementary programmes, including the NRICH website, Plus online mathematics magazine, Wild Maths, and…
Europe | Environmental Health | Probability/Bayes | Test Performance | Mathematical Models | Decision Analysis | Risk Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Child/Nutrition | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology | High School | College | Graphics/Visualization | Quantitative Literacy -
ArticlePublication 2017Estimating the Fitness Cost and Benefit of Cefixime Resistance in Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
Gonorrhoea is one of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections in England, and more …
Gonorrhoea is one of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections in England, and more than half of annual infections occur in men who have sex with men (MSM). As the bacterium has developed resistance to each first-line antibiotic in turn, an improved understanding is needed of fitness benefits and costs of antibiotic resistance to inform control policy and planning. The authors developed a stochastic compartmental model representing the natural history and transmission of cefixime-sensitive…
Global | Policy/Regulation | Dynamic Transmission | Decision Analysis | Risk Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Health Systems | Government/Law | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology -
BookPublication 2017What's In, What's Out: Designing Benefits for Universal Health Coverage
Many low- and middle-income countries now aspire to universal health coverage, where governments ensure that …
Many low- and middle-income countries now aspire to universal health coverage, where governments ensure that all people have access to the quality health services they need without risk of impoverishment. But for universal health coverage to become reality, the health services offered must be consistent with the funds available-and this implies tough everyday choices for policymakers. This publication argues that the creation of an explicit health benefits plan-a defined list of services that are and are…
Global | Policy/Regulation | Priority Setting/Ethics | Health Outcomes | Evidence Synthesis | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Technology Assessment | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Government/Law | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology -
GuidelinesWeb Portal 2017iDSI Reference Case for Economic Evaluation
This is a reference case which gives 12 principles to guide the planning, conduct and …
This is a reference case which gives 12 principles to guide the planning, conduct and reporting of health economic evaluations in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The International Decision Support Group (iDSI) is a network of health, policy and economic experts. It builds on the approaches of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK, the Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Program (HITAP) in Thailand and the World Health Organization. iDSI…
Global | Policy/Regulation | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health Systems | Health/Medicine -
ReportPublication 2016Economics of Tobacco and Tobacco Control
This report examines the current research and evidence base surrounding the economics of tobacco control—including tobacco …
This report examines the current research and evidence base surrounding the economics of tobacco control—including tobacco use, tobacco growing, manufacturing and trade, tobacco product taxes and prices, and tobacco control policies and other interventions to reduce tobacco use and its consequences. The report was co-produced by the National Cancer Institute and the World Health Organization and is intended to inform tobacco prevention and control programs and policies in countries around the world. There are 17 chapters which can be…
Global | Policy/Regulation | Costing Methods | Benefit-Cost Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Food/Agriculture | Government/Law | Health/Medicine