- theory and concepts
- decision theory
- decision psychology
- probability/bayes
- preferences/values
- priority setting/ethics
- value of information
- models and tools
- mathematical models
- state-transition
- dynamic transmission
- microsimulation
- calibration/validation
- dynamic simulation
- cost-effectiveness analysis
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Resources Repository
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Resource PackWeb Portal, Teaching Resource 2023Resource Pack: Cost-Effectiveness of Screening and Treatment for Hypertension
Hypertension is a relevant example for teaching clinical decision making, diagnostic test performance, positivity criterion, …
Hypertension is a relevant example for teaching clinical decision making, diagnostic test performance, positivity criterion, and cost-effectiveness analysis. This resource pack provides examples of decision analyses and cost-effectiveness analyses for the management and treatment of hypertension, with a predominant focus on the U.S. Analyses are included that predate the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Clinical Practice Guidelines, along with more recent examples that followed release of the guidelines. Resources are also included that…
Preferences/Values | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Test Performance | Decision Analysis | Clinical Care | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology | North America | Europe | Graduate | Doctoral | Professional | Critical Thinking/Analysis | Policy Translation | Quantitative Literacy -
ReviewPublication 2023Systematic Review of Cost-Effectiveness Studies of Newer Non-Insulin Antidiabetic Drugs: Trends in Decision-Analytical Models for Modelling of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
This systematic review analyzed cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) using decision-analytical modeling (DAM) to compare non-insulin antidiabetic …
This systematic review analyzed cost-effectiveness analyses (CEAs) using decision-analytical modeling (DAM) to compare non-insulin antidiabetic drugs (NIADs) within glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) receptor agonists, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study focused on economic results and underlying methodological choices. Methods included searching PubMed, Embase, and Econlit databases from January 1, 2018, to November 15, 2022. Two reviewers screened titles, abstracts, and full texts for relevance…
Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Evidence Synthesis | Health/Medicine | Europe -
ReviewPublication 2023Economic & Humanistic Burden of Osteoarthritis: Systematic Review of Large Sample Studies
This study systematically reviewed and updated the economic and humanistic burden of osteoarthritis (OA) reported …
This study systematically reviewed and updated the economic and humanistic burden of osteoarthritis (OA) reported by large sample studies since 2016. Medline (via Ovid) and Embase were searched using an updated strategy based on a previous review. Studies with a sample size ≥1000 that measured direct or indirect costs or health-related quality of life (HRQL) of OA were included. Pairs of reviewers independently screened studies, and an arbitrator resolved discrepancies. The Kappa value for agreement…
Preferences/Values | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Evidence Synthesis | Health/Medicine | Global -
ArticlePublication 2023New Type 2 Diabetes Microsimulation Model to Estimate Long-Term Health Outcomes, Costs, Cost-Effectiveness
This study presents a microsimulation model designed to estimate the health effects, costs, and cost-effectiveness …
This study presents a microsimulation model designed to estimate the health effects, costs, and cost-effectiveness of interventions for type 2 diabetes in the United States. Unlike existing models that rely on UK data, this model incorporates newly derived risk equations based on US studies, enhancing its applicability to the US context. The model features a highly modular architecture allowing for easy addition of new modules and interventions, facilitating policy decision-making. Internal validation showed good performance,…
Microsimulation | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health/Medicine | North America -
ReviewPublication 2023How Values Are Discussed, Reflected Upon, and Acted on by Patients and Family Caregivers in the Context of Heart Failure: Scoping Review
The study examines how values influence decision-making and coping among heart failure (HF) patients and …
The study examines how values influence decision-making and coping among heart failure (HF) patients and their family caregivers (FCGs). Through a scoping review of 16 empirical studies, patient values were found to influence self-care behaviors and left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation decisions, with variations in prioritization over time and contexts. Conflicts between prioritized values and recommended self-care activities led to modifications in behavior. Patient survival emerged as a top value during cardiac device decisions.…
Preferences/Values | Decision Psychology | Chronic Disease/Risk | Evidence Synthesis | Health/Medicine -
Tutorial/PrimerPublication, Teaching Resource 2023Survival Extrapolation Incorporating General Population Mortality Using Excess Hazard and Cure Models: Tutorial
The study examines the utility of excess hazard (EH) methods in reducing model uncertainty when …
The study examines the utility of excess hazard (EH) methods in reducing model uncertainty when estimating long-term survival in cost-effectiveness analyses. Using a case study of breast cancer patients, standard parametric survival models were compared with EH methods incorporating general population mortality rates, with and without a cure parameter. Results showed substantial variability in survival extrapolations across standard models, while EH methods, particularly EH cure models, significantly reduced uncertainty. Long-term treatment effects approached null for…
Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health/Medicine | Europe -
ArticlePublication 2023Calibration and Validation of the Colorectal Cancer and Adenoma Incidence and Mortality (CRC-AIM) Microsimulation Model Using Deep Neural Networks
This study explores the efficacy of machine learning (ML)-based emulators in calibrating complex microsimulation models, …
This study explores the efficacy of machine learning (ML)-based emulators in calibrating complex microsimulation models, using the Colorectal Cancer (CRC)-Adenoma Incidence and Mortality (CRC-AIM) model as a case study. ML algorithms, including deep neural networks (DNN), were trained and compared using data generated from the CRC-AIM model to predict various outcomes. The DNN outperformed other algorithms and efficiently predicted outcomes, reducing computational burden significantly. The calibrated CRC-AIM model demonstrated cross-model validity against established CISNET models…
Microsimulation | Calibration/Validation | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health/Medicine | North America -
BriefPublication 2023Simulation Modeling to Guide Priority Setting in Global Maternal Health
This study developed the Global Maternal Health (GMatH) microsimulation model to evaluate maternal health policy …
This study developed the Global Maternal Health (GMatH) microsimulation model to evaluate maternal health policy interventions across 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2050. It addresses challenges in measuring maternal mortality by simulating individual women's reproductive lifecycles. Various interventions, including family planning and facility-based care, were simulated to compare against a baseline scenario projecting the global maternal mortality ratio (MMR) to decrease to 167 per 100,000 live births by 2030. Results suggest that while…
Microsimulation | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Policy/Regulation | Health/Medicine | Global -
ArticlePublication 2023Simulation-Based Estimates and Projections of Global, Regional and Country-Level Maternal Mortality by Cause, 1990-2050
While progress has been made globally to reduce maternal deaths, measurement remains a challenge given …
While progress has been made globally to reduce maternal deaths, measurement remains a challenge given the many causes and frequent underreporting of maternal deaths. The authors developed a structural microsimulation model of Global Maternal Health (GMatH) for 200 countries and territories using demographic, epidemiologic, clinical and health system data synthesized from the medical literature, Civil Registration Vital Statistics systems and Demographic and Health Survey data. The model was calibrated to empirical data from 1990 to…
Microsimulation | Calibration/Validation | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Health Outcomes | Evidence Synthesis | Health Systems | Clinical Care | Health/Medicine | Global