Resources Repository
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Tutorial/PrimerPublication, Teaching Resource 2015White Paper: Retrospective Benefit-Cost Analysis
In this article the authors consider how benefit-cost analysis can be used retrospectively to promote …
In this article the authors consider how benefit-cost analysis can be used retrospectively to promote understanding of the impacts after a policy is implemented. Serving as a brief primer, the authors propose that analysis can be useful for identifying needed reforms as well as in improving the conduct of future prospective analyses. The major challenges relate to estimating what would have occurred in the absence of the policy and separating the effects of the policy…
Benefit-Cost Analysis | Social Determinants | Priority Setting/Ethics | Environmental Health | Policy/Regulation | Culture/Society | Economics/Finance | Government/Law | North America | College | Graduate | Doctoral | Critical Thinking/Analysis | Policy Translation -
Lesson/ModulePublication, Teaching Resource 2015CDC Science Ambassador Workshop 2015 Lesson Plan: Seasonal Flu Costs How Much?!
This lesson plan from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was curated to …
This lesson plan from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) was curated to teach high school students, grades 9-10, to explore decision-making about the seasonal influenza (flu) vaccination. The lesson looks at financial decisions around vaccinations, based on a case study exploring the experiences of 282 children from cities around the United States. It looks at a wide range of factors including treatment for children with the flu and the cost of parents…
Decision Analysis | Social Determinants | Costing Methods | Infectious Diseases | Clinical Care | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology | North America | High School | Critical Thinking/Analysis | Decision Making/Leadership | Quantitative Literacy -
ArticlePublication 2015Universal Public Finance of Tuberculosis Treatment in India: An Extended CEA
This paper evaluates the consequences of universal public finance (UPF) for tuberculosis treatment in India …
This paper evaluates the consequences of universal public finance (UPF) for tuberculosis treatment in India using extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA). The authors evaluated the impact of UPF on health gains, financial consequences, and catastrophic health expenditures, and concluded that the health gains and insurance value of UPF would accrue mostly to the poor. However, reductions in out-of-pocket expenditures were found to be more uniformly distributed across income quintiles. A variant on the base case suggests…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Social Determinants | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Infectious Diseases | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Clinical Care | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Asia & Pacific -
ArticlePublication 2015Health and Social Protection Effects of Measles Vaccination in Ethiopia: Extended CEA
Using extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA), this paper evaluates the health and economic implications of different …
Using extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA), this paper evaluates the health and economic implications of different vaccine delivery strategies in Ethiopia: (1) routine immunization, (2) routine immunization with financial incentives, and (3) mass campaigns, known as supplemental immunization activities (SIAs), for measles vaccination. At higher costs, SIAs reached higher levels of vaccine coverage. Routine immunization paired with financial incentives was found to increase the demand among poorer households.
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Social Determinants | Priority Setting/Ethics | Infectious Diseases | Child/Nutrition | Health Systems | Global Governance | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa -
ArticlePublication 2015Extended Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Treatment and Prevention of Diarrhoea in Ethiopia
This article, published in BMJ Open, aims to illustrate the size and distribution of benefits …
This article, published in BMJ Open, aims to illustrate the size and distribution of benefits due to the treatment and prevention of diarrhoea (i.e., rotavirus vaccination) in Ethiopia. The authors use an economic model to examine the impacts of universal public finance (UPF) of diarrhoeal treatment alone, as opposed to diarrhoeal treatment along with rotavirus vaccination using extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA). The study finds that diarrhoeal treatment paired with rotavirus vaccination is more cost effective…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Social Determinants | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Infectious Diseases | Child/Nutrition | Environmental Health | Health Systems | Climate/Environment | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa -
ArticlePublication 2015Pneumococcal Vaccination and Pneumonia Treatment in Ethiopia: Results from Extended CEA
This article, published in PLOS ONE, conducts an extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA) of two fully …
This article, published in PLOS ONE, conducts an extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA) of two fully publicly financed interventions in Ethiopia: pneumococcal vaccination for newborns and pneumonia treatment for under-five children. The authors apply ECEA methods and estimate the program impact on: (1) government program costs; (2) pneumonia and pneumococcal deaths averted; (3) household expenses related to pneumonia/pneumococcal disease treatment averted; (4) prevention of household medical impoverishment; and (5) distributional consequences across the wealth strata of…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Social Determinants | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Infectious Diseases | Child/Nutrition | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa -
ArticlePublication 2013Public Finance of Rotavirus Vaccination in India and Ethiopia: Extended CEA
This study uses extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA) to evaluate a hypothetical publicly financed program for …
This study uses extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA) to evaluate a hypothetical publicly financed program for rotavirus vaccination in India and Ethiopia. The authors measured program impact on: (1) averted rotavirus deaths; (2) reduction in household expenditures; (3) financial risk protection; and (4) distributional consequences across the country’s wealth strata. In India and Ethiopia, the program was predicted to decrease rotavirus deaths substantially, and effectively provide financial risk protection among the poor, while also reducing household…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Social Determinants | Priority Setting/Ethics | Health Outcomes | Infectious Diseases | Child/Nutrition | Culture/Society | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Asia & Pacific -
ReviewPublication 2012Modeling Preventative Strategies Against HPV-Related Disease in Developed Countries
This review article is part of a special supplement on “Comprehensive Control of HPV Infections …
This review article is part of a special supplement on “Comprehensive Control of HPV Infections and Related Diseases.” At the time of its writing, prophylactic vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) in pre-adolescent females had been introduced in most developed countries, supported by modeled evaluations that had almost universally found vaccination of pre-adolescent females to be cost-effective. Vaccination of pre-adolescent males had been shown to be cost-effective at a cost per vaccinated individual of ~US$400-500 if…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Social Determinants | Mathematical Models | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health Systems | Health/Medicine | Global -
ReviewPublication 2010Validation of Population-Based Disease Simulation Models: A Review
This article develops a framework for validating population-based chronic disease simulation models, and reviews the …
This article develops a framework for validating population-based chronic disease simulation models, and reviews the principles and methods for such models. While computer simulation models are used increasingly to support public health research and policy, questions about their quality persist. Based on the review, the authors formulated a set of recommendations for gathering evidence of model credibility. They find that evidence of model credibility derives from examining: 1) the process of model development, 2) the…
Calibration/Validation | Social Determinants | Mathematical Models | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health/Medicine