- health outcomes
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- approaches and applications
- decision analysis
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Resources Repository
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ReviewPublication 2015Economic Evaluation of Diet and Physical Activity to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Review
Studies indicate that combined diet and physical activity promotion programs can prevent type 2 diabetes …
Studies indicate that combined diet and physical activity promotion programs can prevent type 2 diabetes among persons at increased risk. This paper systematically evaluates the evidence on cost, cost-effectiveness, and cost–benefit estimates of diet and physical activity promotion programs. English-language studies from high-income countries that provided data on cost, cost-effectiveness, or cost–benefit ratios of diet and physical activity promotion programs with at least 2 sessions over at least 3 months delivered to persons at increased risk…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Health Systems | Social Determinants | Evidence Synthesis | Child/Nutrition | Chronic Disease/Risk | Food/Agriculture | North America | Europe | Asia & Pacific -
ReviewWeb Portal 2015Science of Making Better Decisions About Health: CEA and BCA
This chapter reviews the main scientific methods for guiding the allocation of resources to health: cost-effectiveness …
This chapter reviews the main scientific methods for guiding the allocation of resources to health: cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) and cost-benefit analysis (CBA), sketches their methodological progress over the last several decades, and presents examples of how medical practice in other high-income countries, where people live longer, follows the priorities indicated by cost-effectiveness analysis.
Benefit-Cost Analysis | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | North America -
ReviewPublication 2014Valuing Vaccination
Vaccination has led to remarkable health gains over the last century. However, large coverage gaps …
Vaccination has led to remarkable health gains over the last century. However, large coverage gaps remain, which will require significant financial resources and political will to address. In recent years, a compelling line of inquiry has established the economic benefits of health, at both the individual and aggregate levels. Most existing economic evaluations of particular health interventions fail to account for this new research, leading to potentially sizable undervaluation of those interventions. In line with…
Benefit-Cost Analysis | Health/Medicine | Economics/Finance | Health Systems | Preferences/Values | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Infectious Diseases | Global -
ReviewPublication 2013Role of Health Economic Analyses in Vaccine Decision Making
Beginning in the 20th century with the consideration of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in …
Beginning in the 20th century with the consideration of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the US, cost effectiveness became a topic of discussion when a vaccine was being considered for universal use by the US Advisory Committee on Immunization practices (ACIP). In 2008, the ACIP began using formal criteria for the presentation of such data and their inclusion in ACIP discussions. More recently, the U.S. Institute of Medicine has recommended that health economic considerations play a…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Economics/Finance | Health Systems | Priority Setting/Ethics | Infectious Diseases | North America -
ReviewPublication 2013Valuing the Economic Benefits of Complex Interventions
This is a review of economic evaluations of complex health interventions. Complex interventions, involving interlinked …
This is a review of economic evaluations of complex health interventions. Complex interventions, involving interlinked packages of care, challenge the application of current methods of economic evaluation that focus on measuring only health gain. The authors find that complex interventions may be problematic on two levels. First, the complexity means the intervention may not fit into one of the current appraisal systems, and/or second, maximizing health is not the only objective. This paper discusses the…
Decision Analysis | Health/Medicine | Economics/Finance | Health Systems | Preferences/Values | Policy/Regulation | Government/Law | Science/Technology | Europe -
ReviewPublication 2013Public Health Economics: Review of Guidance for Economic Evaluation
This is a systematic review of published guidance for the economic evaluation of public health …
This is a systematic review of published guidance for the economic evaluation of public health interventions. Public Health Economics is the science and art of supporting decision making as to how society can use its available resources to advance health, and minimize opportunity cost. In this review, the authors identified 5 international guidance documents, 7 UK guidance documents and 4 documents by individual commentators. The papers reviewed identify the main methodological challenges that face analysts…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Economics/Finance | Health Systems | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Policy/Regulation | Science/Technology | Europe -
ReviewPublication 2010Validation of Population-Based Disease Simulation Models: A Review
This article develops a framework for validating population-based chronic disease simulation models, and reviews the …
This article develops a framework for validating population-based chronic disease simulation models, and reviews the principles and methods for such models. While computer simulation models are used increasingly to support public health research and policy, questions about their quality persist. Based on the review, the authors formulated a set of recommendations for gathering evidence of model credibility. They find that evidence of model credibility derives from examining: 1) the process of model development, 2) the…
Mathematical Models | Calibration/Validation | Health/Medicine | Social Determinants | Chronic Disease/Risk -
ReviewPublication 2003Public Health Policy and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
This chapter presents an overview of the uses for cost-effectiveness analysis and disease-simulation modeling to …
This chapter presents an overview of the uses for cost-effectiveness analysis and disease-simulation modeling to rigorously evaluate alternatives to reduce mortality from cervical cancer. Scientific advances have provided opportunities over time to revisit strategies for cervical cancer prevention. How to invest health resources wisely, such that public health benefits are maximized-and opportunity costs are minimized-is a critical question in the setting of enhanced cytologic screening methods, human papillomavirus DNA testing, and vaccine development. Developing sound…
Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Health/Medicine | Health Systems | Infectious Diseases | Chronic Disease/Risk | Policy/Regulation | Global -
ReviewPublication 2021Users' Guide to Medical Decision Analysis
The article emphasizes the significance of decision analysis in aiding clinicians to make evidence-based choices …
The article emphasizes the significance of decision analysis in aiding clinicians to make evidence-based choices between testing and treatment strategies. While clinicians may not conduct decision analyses themselves, they often rely on publications or guidelines derived from them. The review outlines the structure of a decision tree and equips clinicians with the skills to critically evaluate decision analyses and implement their findings in medical decision-making. It highlights two critical judgments clinicians can make: first, assessing…
Decision Analysis | Health/Medicine | Clinical Care