Resources Repository
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ArticlePublication 2017Estimated Economic Impact of Vaccinations in 73 LMIC, 2001-2020
This analysis estimates the economic impact likely to be achieved by efforts to vaccinate against 10 …
This analysis estimates the economic impact likely to be achieved by efforts to vaccinate against 10 vaccine-preventable diseases between 2001 and 2020 in 73 low- and middle-income countries largely supported by Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance. The authors used health impact models to estimate the economic impact of achieving forecasted coverages for vaccination against Haemophilus influenzae type b, hepatitis B, human papillomavirus, Japanese encephalitis, measles, Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A, rotavirus, rubella, Streptococcus pneumoniae and yellow fever. In…
Microsimulation | Dynamic Transmission | State-Transition | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Child/Nutrition | Health Outcomes | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Middle East & North Africa | Latin America & Caribbean | Asia & Pacific -
ArticlePublication 2015Extended Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Treatment and Prevention of Diarrhoea in Ethiopia
This article, published in BMJ Open, aims to illustrate the size and distribution of benefits …
This article, published in BMJ Open, aims to illustrate the size and distribution of benefits due to the treatment and prevention of diarrhoea (i.e., rotavirus vaccination) in Ethiopia. The authors use an economic model to examine the impacts of universal public finance (UPF) of diarrhoeal treatment alone, as opposed to diarrhoeal treatment along with rotavirus vaccination using extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA). The study finds that diarrhoeal treatment paired with rotavirus vaccination is more cost effective…
Health/Medicine | Climate/Environment | Sub-Saharan Africa | Social Determinants | Child/Nutrition | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Environmental Health | Health Systems | Economics/Finance -
ArticlePublication 2010Health and Economic Impact of Rotavirus Vaccination in GAVI-Eligible Countries
Rotavirus infection is responsible for about 500,000 deaths annually, and the disease burden is disproportionately …
Rotavirus infection is responsible for about 500,000 deaths annually, and the disease burden is disproportionately borne by children in low-income countries. Motivated by the global recommendation by the WHO that all countries include infant rotavirus vaccination in their national immunization programs, the objective of this analysis was to provide information on the expected health, economic and financial consequences of rotavirus vaccines in the 72 GAVI support-eligible countries. The authors synthesized population-level data from various sources (primarily from…
Mathematical Models | State-Transition | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Child/Nutrition | Health Outcomes | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Economics/Finance | Middle East & North Africa | Latin America & Caribbean | Asia & Pacific -
ArticlePublication 2023Out-of-Pocket Expenditures & Financial Risks Associated with Treatment of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases in Ethiopia
This study investigates out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures and associated catastrophic health expenditures (CHEs) for vaccine-preventable diseases …
This study investigates out-of-pocket (OOP) expenditures and associated catastrophic health expenditures (CHEs) for vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) in Ethiopia. Through a cross-sectional costing analysis, data on OOP direct medical and nonmedical expenditures were collected from 995 households in 54 health facilities nationwide. The study focuses on VPDs in children under 5 years for pneumonia, diarrhea, measles, and pertussis, and in children under 15 years for meningitis. Mean OOP expenditures per disease episode ranged from $5·6 to…
Mathematical Models | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Child/Nutrition | Costing Methods | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Chronic Disease/Risk -
ArticlePublication 2022Child Health Inequity through Case Management of Under-Five Malaria in Nigeria: An ECEA
This study assesses the potential impact of subsidies covering the direct and indirect costs of …
This study assesses the potential impact of subsidies covering the direct and indirect costs of under-five malaria case management in Nigeria, utilizing an extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA) and a decision tree model. Findings reveal that fully subsidizing medical, non-medical, and indirect costs could annually avert over 19,000 under-five deaths, 8,600 cases of catastrophic health expenditure (CHE), and US$187 million in out-of-pocket (OOP) spending. Per US$1 million invested, this translates to a significant reduction in under-five…
Mathematical Models | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Child/Nutrition | Health Outcomes | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Policy/Regulation -
ArticlePublication 2018Equity Impact Vaccines May Have on Averting Deaths and Medical Impoverishment
In this analysis, authors estimated the number of deaths averted and the number of cases …
In this analysis, authors estimated the number of deaths averted and the number of cases of medical impoverishment averted of ten antigens and their corresponding vaccines across income quintiles for forty-one low- and middle-income countries. The study found that vaccines administered between 2016 and 2030 would prevent 36 million deaths. Vaccines will have the greatest impact on reducing cases of poverty caused by hepatitis B, helping an estimated 14 million people avoid medical impoverishment. An…
Mathematical Models | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Child/Nutrition | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases | Global Governance | Economics/Finance | Science/Technology | Middle East & North Africa | Asia & Pacific -
ArticlePublication 2017Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention Program in Zambia
This article, published in Trials, outlines a protocol for a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and an …
This article, published in Trials, outlines a protocol for a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) and an extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA) of a comprehensive adolescent pregnancy prevention program in Zambia. The study will be conducted alongside a cluster-randomized controlled trial, which tests the hypothesis that economic support with or without community dialogue is an effective strategy for reducing adolescent childbearing rates. The ECEA will estimate the costs of the intervention packages per unit health and non-health gain…
Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Social Determinants | Child/Nutrition | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Health Systems -
ArticlePublication 2016Cost-Effectiveness of Diagnosing HIV Infection During Early Infancy in South Africa
In this study the clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of four different early infant HIV diagnosis …
In this study the clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of four different early infant HIV diagnosis (EID) testing strategies for HIV-exposed infants in South Africa were compared using a microsimulation model. The strategies included (1) no EID (diagnosis only after illness), (2) and (3) testing once (at birth alone or at 6 weeks of age alone), and (4) testing twice (at birth and 6 weeks of age). Findings showed that the testing at birth alone strategy…
Microsimulation | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Child/Nutrition | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Infectious Diseases -
ArticlePublication 2016Maternal-Related Deaths and Impoverishment among Adolescent Girls in India and Niger
This article, published in BMJ Open, examined the distribution of maternal deaths and impoverishment among …
This article, published in BMJ Open, examined the distribution of maternal deaths and impoverishment among adolescent girls across socioeconomic groups in Niger and India, which have the largest fertility rate, and number of maternal deaths, respectively. Results showed that in Niger and India, the poorer adolescents had a larger number of maternal deaths compared to the richer. Impoverishment occurred mostly among the richer adolescents in Niger and among the poorer adolescents in India. Increasing educational…
Mathematical Models | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Social Determinants | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Maternal/Reproductive Health | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Education/Labor | Asia & Pacific