Resources Repository
-
ReviewPublication 2022Systematic Review of Economic Evaluations of COVID-19 Interventions: Non-Health Impacts and Distributional Issues
The authors conducted a systematic review of economic evaluations of COVID-19 interventions and assessed whether …
The authors conducted a systematic review of economic evaluations of COVID-19 interventions and assessed whether they incorporated non-health impacts and distributional concerns. Among the 70 articles included, more than half (56%) included at least one non-health impact, although only 21% incorporated non-economic consequences. Only 17% examined subgroups of interest. The median ICER for the entire sample was $67,000/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) (interquartile range [IQR] $9000-$893,000/QALY). Interventions including a pharmaceutical component yielded a median ICER of $93,000/QALY (IQR…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Culture/Society | Social Determinants | Infectious Diseases | Evidence Synthesis | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | North America -
ArticlePublication 2019Cost-Effectiveness of U.S. National SSB Tax with a Multistakeholder Approach: Who Pays and Who Benefits
This analysis estimated the health impact and cost-effectiveness of a national penny-per-ounce sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) …
This analysis estimated the health impact and cost-effectiveness of a national penny-per-ounce sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax, overall and with stratified costs and benefits for nine distinct stakeholder groups. A microsimulation model (CVD PREDICT) was used to estimate cardiovascular disease reductions, quality-adjusted life years gained, and cost-effectiveness for U.S. adults aged 35 to 85 years, evaluating full and partial consumer price pass-through. Results showed that from both a health care and societal perspective, the SSB tax was…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Government/Law | Business/Industry | Policy/Regulation | Microsimulation | Chronic Disease/Risk | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | North America -
ArticlePublication 2018Cost-Effectiveness of Financial Incentives and Disincentives for Improving Food Purchases and Health through SNAP
This analysis estimated the health impact, costs, and cost-effectiveness of food incentives, disincentives, or restrictions …
This analysis estimated the health impact, costs, and cost-effectiveness of food incentives, disincentives, or restrictions in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP). A microsimulation model (CVD-PREDICT) was used to compare three policy interventions: (1) a 30% incentive for fruits and vegetables (F&V), (2) a 30% F&V incentive with a restriction of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), and (3) a broader incentive/disincentive program for multiple foods that also preserves choice (SNAP-plus). From a societal perspective, all three scenarios…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Government/Law | Business/Industry | Policy/Regulation | Microsimulation | Chronic Disease/Risk | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | North America -
ArticlePublication 2017Estimating the Fitness Cost and Benefit of Cefixime Resistance in Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
Gonorrhoea is one of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections in England, and more …
Gonorrhoea is one of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections in England, and more than half of annual infections occur in men who have sex with men (MSM). As the bacterium has developed resistance to each first-line antibiotic in turn, an improved understanding is needed of fitness benefits and costs of antibiotic resistance to inform control policy and planning. The authors developed a stochastic compartmental model representing the natural history and transmission of cefixime-sensitive…
Risk Analysis | Government/Law | Policy/Regulation | Infectious Diseases | Dynamic Transmission | Decision Analysis | Health Systems | Health/Medicine | Science/Technology | Global -
ArticlePublication 2017Cost-Effectiveness of a Policy Strategy to Decrease Sodium Intake: Global Analysis
The objective of this study was to assess the cost effectiveness of a government policy combining …
The objective of this study was to assess the cost effectiveness of a government policy combining targeted industry agreements and public education to reduce sodium intake in 183 countries worldwide. To account for heterogeneity in efficacy across countries, a range of scenarios were evaluated, including 10%, 30%, 0.5 g/day, and 1.5 g/day sodium reductions achieved over 10 years. Country specific costs of a sodium reduction policy were estimated using the WHO Noncommunicable Disease Costing Tool. Country…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Government/Law | Policy/Regulation | Social Determinants | Child/Nutrition | Chronic Disease/Risk | Food/Agriculture | Health/Medicine | Global -
ReviewPublication 2015Medicare's Use of CEA for Prevention (But Not Treatment)
Medicare currently pays for 23 preventive services in its benefits package, the majority of which …
Medicare currently pays for 23 preventive services in its benefits package, the majority of which were added since 2005. In the past decade, the program has transformed from one essentially administering treatment claims, to one increasingly focused on health promotion and maintenance. What is largely unappreciated is the role cost-effectiveness analysis has played in the coverage of preventive services. This study reviews the role of cost-effectiveness analysis in Medicare coverage of preventive services and contrast it…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Government/Law | Policy/Regulation | Infectious Diseases | Priority Setting/Ethics | Technology Assessment | Child/Nutrition | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health Systems | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | North America -
ArticlePublication 2013Public Finance of Rotavirus Vaccination in India and Ethiopia: Extended CEA
This study uses extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA) to evaluate a hypothetical publicly financed program for …
This study uses extended cost-effectiveness analysis (ECEA) to evaluate a hypothetical publicly financed program for rotavirus vaccination in India and Ethiopia. The authors measured program impact on: (1) averted rotavirus deaths; (2) reduction in household expenditures; (3) financial risk protection; and (4) distributional consequences across the country’s wealth strata. In India and Ethiopia, the program was predicted to decrease rotavirus deaths substantially, and effectively provide financial risk protection among the poor, while also reducing household…
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Culture/Society | Social Determinants | Infectious Diseases | Priority Setting/Ethics | Health Outcomes | Child/Nutrition | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Asia & Pacific -
ReviewPublication 2012Applying Decision Science to Managing National Forests
This publication is an example of the application of decision science to the management of …
This publication is an example of the application of decision science to the management of federal public forests, in particular to meet sustainability goals and multiple use regulations. Through three case studies, the authors describe four stages of a decision analytic approach: problem structuring (framing the problem and defining objectives and evaluation criteria), problem analysis (defining alternatives, evaluating likely consequences, identifying key uncertainties, and analyzing tradeoffs), decision point (identifying the preferred alternative), and implementation and monitoring…
Risk Analysis | Government/Law | Policy/Regulation | Social Determinants | Value of Information | Decision Analysis | Environmental Health | Climate/Environment -
ArticlePublication 2020Perceptions of COVID-19 around the World
This study evaluates public risk perception of COVID-19 around the world in ten countries across …
This study evaluates public risk perception of COVID-19 around the world in ten countries across Europe, America, and Asia. They found that significant predictors of risk perception included personal experience with the virus, individualistic and prosocial values, hearing about the virus from friends and family, trust in government, science, and medical professionals, personal knowledge of government strategy, and personal and collective efficacy. Although there was substantial variability across cultures, individualistic worldviews, personal experience, prosocial values,…
Risk Analysis | Culture/Society | Infectious Diseases | Decision Psychology | Preferences/Values | Health/Medicine | Global