Resources Repository
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ArticlePublication 2020New Fronts in the War on Misinformation
The countless false claims that have spread alongside the novel coronavirus – inaccurate advice about …
The countless false claims that have spread alongside the novel coronavirus – inaccurate advice about how to prevent the virus, for example, and conspiracy theories about its origins – are just the latest manifestation of an ongoing problem: the online proliferation of misinformation about science and health. The National Academies hosted and helped organize three events focused on countering misinformation: The MisinfoCon conference, a Wikipedia Edit-a-thon, and a meeting to explore ways to expand successful…
Science/Technology | Infectious Diseases | Decision Psychology | Preferences/Values | Social Determinants | Policy/Regulation | Culture/Society | Education/Labor | Government/Law | Health/Medicine | North America -
ArticlePublication 2020Interpreting COVID-19 Test Results: A Bayesian Approach
This article considers the following question with respect to interpreting the results of polymerase chain reaction …
This article considers the following question with respect to interpreting the results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays from nasal and pharyngeal swabs for COVID-19 to inform clinical decision making: "While a positive result in an acutely ill patient is straightforward, how should physicians interpret negative tests in patients with suspected COVID-19 infection?" Using an assumption of near-perfect specificity of PCR assays for COVID-19, the authors acknowledge the uncertainty of test sensitivity. They consider two clinical scenarios…
Science/Technology | Infectious Diseases | Probability/Bayes | Test Performance | Health/Medicine | Global -
OrganizationWeb Portal 2024RAND Corporation
The RAND Corporation (“Research and Development”) is a research organization that develops solutions to public …
The RAND Corporation (“Research and Development”) is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s research findings and recommendations are based on data and evidence and therefore do not necessarily reflect the policy preferences or interests of its clients, donors, or…
Science/Technology | Injuries/Accidents | Child/Nutrition | Environmental Health | Policy/Regulation | Business/Industry | Climate/Environment | Energy/Engineering | Education/Labor | Government/Law | Health/Medicine | Military/Defense | Global -
ArticlePublication 2018Cost-Effectiveness of Strategies to Prevent Road Traffic Injuries in Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia: New Results from WHO-CHOICE
The authors applied a generalized cost-effectiveness analysis (GCEA) approach, applying a null reference case, in …
The authors applied a generalized cost-effectiveness analysis (GCEA) approach, applying a null reference case, in which the effects of currently implemented interventions were subtracted from current rates of burden, in order to identify the most efficient package of interventions that could be applied to Road Traffic Injuries (RTIs). They used a population model to estimate costs and effectiveness of interventions over a 100 year time frame in eastern sub-Saharan Africa and Southeast Asia. All heath…
Science/Technology | Injuries/Accidents | State-Transition | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Policy/Regulation | Culture/Society | Sub-Saharan Africa | Asia & Pacific -
ReportPublication 2010Priorities for the National Vaccine Plan
The authors examine the complexities of the vaccine enterprise, a fundamental component of preventive medicine …
The authors examine the complexities of the vaccine enterprise, a fundamental component of preventive medicine and public health, from research and development of new vaccines to financing and reimbursement of immunization services. The current climate, socially, economically and politically, presents challenges and opportunities to the U.S. to strengthen the existing systems of developing, manufacturing, regulating, distributing, funding, and administering safe and effective vaccines for all people. The authors present recommendations for priority actions intended to…
Science/Technology | Infectious Diseases | Evidence Synthesis | Technology Assessment | Chronic Disease/Risk | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | North America -
ArticlePublication 2018Equity Impact Vaccines May Have on Averting Deaths and Medical Impoverishment
In this analysis, authors estimated the number of deaths averted and the number of cases …
In this analysis, authors estimated the number of deaths averted and the number of cases of medical impoverishment averted of ten antigens and their corresponding vaccines across income quintiles for forty-one low- and middle-income countries. The study found that vaccines administered between 2016 and 2030 would prevent 36 million deaths. Vaccines will have the greatest impact on reducing cases of poverty caused by hepatitis B, helping an estimated 14 million people avoid medical impoverishment. An…
Science/Technology | Infectious Diseases | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Health Outcomes | Mathematical Models | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Child/Nutrition | Global Governance | Economics/Finance | Health/Medicine | Sub-Saharan Africa | Middle East & North Africa | Asia & Pacific -
Resource PortalWeb Portal, Teaching Resource 2024Millennium Mathematics Project (MMP)
The Millennium Mathematics Project (MMP), a collaboration between the Faculties of Mathematics and Education at the …
The Millennium Mathematics Project (MMP), a collaboration between the Faculties of Mathematics and Education at the University of Cambridge, is a maths education and outreach initiative for ages 3 to 19 and the general public. The focus is on increasing mathematical understanding, confidence and enjoyment, developing problem-solving skills, and promoting creative and imaginative approaches to maths. The project consists of a family of complementary programmes, including the NRICH website, Plus online mathematics magazine, Wild Maths, and…
Science/Technology | Infectious Diseases | Probability/Bayes | Test Performance | Mathematical Models | Decision Analysis | Risk Analysis | Child/Nutrition | Environmental Health | Health/Medicine | Europe | High School | College | Graphics/Visualization | Quantitative Literacy -
Resource PackWeb Portal, Teaching Resource 2017Resource Pack: Valuing Vaccines and GAVI
This resource pack on valuing vaccines and GAVI was curated by the Center for Health …
This resource pack on valuing vaccines and GAVI was curated by the Center for Health Decision Science to showcase existing information and analyses to motivate students, educators and others to pursue new applications of decision science methods to the public health challenge of vaccine preventable illnesses.
Science/Technology | Infectious Diseases | Preferences/Values | Priority Setting/Ethics | Costing Methods | Mathematical Models | Dynamic Transmission | Calibration/Validation | Benefit-Cost Analysis | Cost-Effectiveness Analysis | Child/Nutrition | Health Systems | Global Governance | Economics/Finance | Government/Law | Health/Medicine | Global | Graduate | Doctoral | Professional | Critical Thinking/Analysis | Policy Translation | Quantitative Literacy -
ArticlePublication 2017Estimating the Fitness Cost and Benefit of Cefixime Resistance in Neisseria Gonorrhoeae
Gonorrhoea is one of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections in England, and more …
Gonorrhoea is one of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infections in England, and more than half of annual infections occur in men who have sex with men (MSM). As the bacterium has developed resistance to each first-line antibiotic in turn, an improved understanding is needed of fitness benefits and costs of antibiotic resistance to inform control policy and planning. The authors developed a stochastic compartmental model representing the natural history and transmission of cefixime-sensitive…
Science/Technology | Infectious Diseases | Dynamic Transmission | Decision Analysis | Risk Analysis | Health Systems | Policy/Regulation | Government/Law | Health/Medicine | Global